From the course: Deke's Techniques (2018-2021)
741 Type 10: The James pentagon
From the course: Deke's Techniques (2018-2021)
741 Type 10: The James pentagon
- Hey, gang, this is Deke McClelland. Welcome to Deke's Techniques. Now this week we're still talking about those terribly exciting, irregular convex pentagons that tesselate. And so, you may recall from last week that back in 1968, a guy named Richard Kershner discovers types six, seven, and eight, and then goes ahead and proves that his three, along with the original five from Karl Reinhardt, are the only ones that are possible. Then along comes a guy named Michael Gardner, who does a column called Mathematical Games for Scientific American. He writes this whole thing up in 1975, and he fires the imagination of three people who prove Kershner wrong, and these people include Richard James III, who discovers the ninth type, which is called Type 10 for some reason. Then most extraordinarily, Marjorie Rice, who discovers four of these things, more than Kershner, and she has nothing more than a high school education. She discovers types nine, 11, 12, and 13, and then finally we have this one from German math student, what's his name, Rolf Stein, which was discovered in 1985. We're gonna start things off with type 10 coming at ya right now. All right, so if you're working along with me, go ahead and drop down to the bottom left corner of the screen here inside Illustrator. Click on this down pointing arrowhead that's labeled Artboard Navigation, and then scroll down the list until you come to Artboard 15, which is called Type 10. So why Type 10 is out of order when it was actually discovered a couple of years before Type Nine, I have no idea. But that's the one you want, and so here it is, Type 10, created by Richard E. James III in 1975. And it looks a little something like this. And so as you may recall, the five internal angles appear in bold type as letters A through E, whereas the length of each one of the sides appears italic, and so the rules here are that angle A is exactly 90 degrees, so it's a right angle. B and E add up to 180 degrees, and then B plus 2C equals 360 degrees. Now, while it's a little hard for me at least, to imagine how the angles fit together, the sides end up making a lot of sense. So notice that A and B are exactly equal to each other, and they're also equal to C and E added together, and so you can see that E, which is a longer one, is colored in green, whereas C, the shorter one, is colored in orange. And they happen to add up to sides B and A. And that's gonna end up looking like this, by the way, and so notice this greenish shape is kind of leaning backward, and so this is its side A right there, which is set against the original side E, and this rotated side C. And so that's how it ends up working out, with a central group of four, and then these other two shapes fill in the gaps in between. But the important thing to note is every single one of these shapes is the exact same pentagon, and so to see how I put that together, I'll go ahead and turn on these layers right here. I started with this original, so the light blue shape is always that shape I show you at the beginning, and then I went ahead and rotated a copy of it around this bottom left anchor point, exactly 90 degrees, a total of three times. I went ahead and created another copy of this light blue original, and I flipped it across the vertical axis, so in other words a horizontal flip, and then I rotated it negative 18.93 degrees, and I did so just because it happened to work out and it made sure that the shapes exactly aligned. Then I went ahead and rotated a copy of that shape 180 degrees in order to create this 6th and final iteration. And incidentally, if you're thinking that your pattern looks a little bit too perpendicular, then you can just go ahead and click on it with the black arrow tool, and you can rotate it. That is, the whole pattern, and the best way to pull that off is to apply a dynamic transformation, which you do by going up to the effect menu, choosing Distort and Transform, and then choosing the Transform command. Now I've already applied this effect a couple of times by now, which is why you may see this alert message, in which case, just go ahead and click Apply New Effect, in order to visit this dialog box right here, and now I'll turn on the preview checkbox, and I'll click on that rotate angle value right there in the center of the dialog box, and I'll press shift, up arrow, in order to increase the angle value to 10 degrees, or I could increase it to 20 degrees or 30 degrees, or what have you. Now, we are actually rotating objects as opposed to tile patterns, so just go ahead and leave this first checkbox selected, after which point you can click okay in order to apply that rotation. And if you ever change your mind in the future, all you need to do is go up to the Window menu and choose the Appearance command in order to bring up the Appearance panel, and notice that I've applied that Transform command one or two times, all to different effect. Now the top transform is the first one I applied, and the bottom one is the last one that we just applied, so if you want to change the angle of rotation, just click on that bottom guy like so and then I could take the angle value down to just, let's say 12 degrees, turn on the preview checkbox, and I end up with this dynamically rotated effect right here. At which point I'll just go ahead and click okay to accept that change. And that's how you work with the so-called Type 10 monohedrally tesselating pentagon first discovered in 1975. All right, now if you're a member of lynda.com/linkedinlearning, I have two follow-up movies, in which we take a look at pentagons types nine, 11, 12 and 13 from Marjorie Rice, as well as type 14 from Rolf Stein. If you're looking forward to next week, I'm gonna show you how to draw one of these pentagons absolutely from scratch inside Illustrator, and it's gonna be the most complex pentagon of them all, type 15. Deke's Techniques each and every week. Keep watching.
Practice while you learn with exercise files
Download the files the instructor uses to teach the course. Follow along and learn by watching, listening and practicing.
- 669_custom_QR.zip
- 670_more_QR.zip
- 671_hidden_circles.zip
- 673_shade_panels.zip
- 672_more_rectangles.zip
- 674_cafe_wall.zip
- 675_skewed_walls.zip
- 676_magic_checkers.zip
- 677_magic_dots.zip
- 678_reverse_illusion.zip
- 679_illusion_decor.zip
- 680_more_gizmos.zip
- 681_connect_gizmos.zip
- 682_wifi_symbol.zip
- 683_bluetooth_logo.zip
- 684_trajan_color.zip
- 685_trajan_AIcc.zip
- 686_stylistic_PsCC.zip
- 687_stylistic_AIcc.zip
- 688_grad_molecules.zip
- 689_sharper_moles.zip
- 690_smart_cules.zip
- 691_explore_cules.zip
- 692_blend_cules.zip
- 693_high_pass_cules.zip
- 694_cell_pattern.zip
- 695_hemoglobin.zip
- 696_edgy_cells.zip
- 697_springy_cells.zip
- 698_accordian_letters.zip
- 699_skew_blends.zip
- 700_cross_blends.zip
- 701_slice_blend.zip
- 702_blend_distort.zip
- 703_dynamic_roughen.zip
- 704_fish_twist.zip
- 705_dynam_bgnd_1.zip
- 706_dynam_bgnd_2.zip
- 707_quieter_art.zip
- 708_disintegration.zip
- 709_more_flakes.zip
- 710_mask_ashes.zip
- 711_flakes_to_ash.zip
- 712_note_tool.zip
- 713_contour_map.zip
- 714_contour_grad.zip
- 715_contour_arb.zip
- 716_contour_riff.zip
- 717_smooth_contour.zip
- 718_contour_cash.zip
- 719_color_of_money.zip
- 720_AI_adjust.zip
- 721_computer_key.zip
- 722_key_type.zip
- 723_faux_hedcut.zip
- 724_hedcut_lines.zip
- 725_color_hedcut.zip
- 726_ET_moon.zip
- 727_ET_trees.zip
- 728_ET_TRex.zip
- 729_global_glow.zip
- 730_content_aware.zip
- 731_space_portal.zip
- 732_enhance_portal.zip
- 733_rushing_stars.zip
- 734_AIcc_puppet.zip
- 735_puppet_tricks.zip
- 736_complex_puppet.zip
- 737_puppet_shortcut.zip
- 738_pentagons.zip
- 739_reinhardt.zip
- 740_kershner.zip
- 741_james_pentagon.zip
- 742_rice_pentagons.zip
- 743_stein_pentagon.zip
- 744_15th_pentagon.zip
- 745_tessellate_15.zip
- 746_pentatiles.zip
- 747_mod_pattern.zip
- 748_complement_tiles.zip
- 749_image_pattern.zip
- 750_pattern_fit.zip
- 751_candy_keeper.zip
- 752_keeper_text.zip
- 753_monster_movie.zip
- 754_mono_halftone.zip
- 755_word_haunted.zip
- 756_cheat_letters.zip
- 757_alt_adjust.zip
- 758_scuba_mono.zip
- 759_backscatter.zip
- 760_sample_outside.zip
- 761_Ps_vector_logo.zip
- 762_trans_shapes.zip
- 763_photo_logo.zip
- 764_high_res_snow.zip
- 765_enhance_snow.zip
- 766_snowflake_bokeh.zip
- 767_mandala_ps.zip
- 768_mandala_pattern.zip
- 769_mandala_dots.zip
- 770_mandala_color.zip
- 771_mandala_final.zip
- 772_AI_trim_view.zip
- 773_AI_presentation.zip
- 774_global_edits.zip
- 775_global_control.zip
- 776_freeform_grads.zip
- 777_freeform_lines.zip
- 778_freeform_gotcha.zip
- 779_great_white.zip
- 780_sharper_shark.zip
- 781_vibrance_sat.zip
- 782_vib_sat_sharp.zip
- 783_hedcut_action.zip
- 784_action_actions.zip
- 785_color_lines.zip
- 786_combine_lines.zip
- 787_clip_to_group.zip
- 788_color_outside.zip
- 789_flip_horizontal.zip
- 790_white_walker.zip
- 791_walker_begins.zip
- 792_digital_shave.zip
- 793_deep_wrinkles.zip
- 794_deep_brows.zip
- 795_pale_lips.zip
- 796_glowing_blue.zip
- 797_lifeless_pupils.zip
- 798_cold_gloomy.zip
- 799_brittle_flakes.zip
- 800_trans_shapes.zip
- 801_range_mask.zip
- 802_flip_photo.zip
- 803_actual_dream.zip
- 804_augment_dream.zip
- 805_smart_distortions.zip
- 806_blend_distortions.zip
- 807_star_negative.zip
- 808_star_pattern.zip
- 809_shaded_stars.zip
- 810_grad_pattern.zip
- 811_pattern_fade.zip
- 813_gobstopper.zip
- 814_gobpattern.zip
- 815_galignment.zip
- 816_etched_lines.zip
- 817_blend_pattern.zip
- 818_cubical_holes.zip
- 819_grad_pattern.zip
- 820_iso_arrows.zip
- 821_position_tips.zip
- 822_fill_gaps.zip
- 823_cartoon_teeth.zip
- 824_triangle_eye.zip
- 825_add_windows.zip
- 826_perfect_tessellate.zip
- 827_triangle_tunnels.zip
- 828_triangles_pattern.zip
- 829_colorful_triangles.zip
- 830_recolor_triangles.zip
- 831_rainbow_blends.zip
- 832_pattern_blends.zip
- 833_imposs_trident.zip
- 834_shade_trident.zip
- 835_opposing_grads.zip
- 836_trident_shadows.zip
- 837_impossible_hex.zip
- 838_impossible_lattice.zip
- 839_Joan_Miro.zip
- 840_watercolor_wash.zip
- 841_Miro_signature.zip
- 842_Photoshop_Miro.zip
- 843_enlarge_Miro.zip
- 844_Miro_Peele.zip
- 845_color_Us.zip
- 846_red_rorschach.zip
- 847_finish_Us.zip
- 848_CAF_fails.zip
- 849_turkey_2019.zip
- 850_trace_hand.zip
- 851_articulated_hand.zip
- 852_colorful_hand.zip
- 853_paint_fingernails.zip
- 854_paint_turkey.zip
- 855_turkey_feathers.zip
- 856_drop_shadow.zip
- 857_Ps_iPad_1.zip
- 858_Ps_iPad_2.zip
- 859_Ps_iPad_3.zip
- 860_iPad_Sidecar.zip
- 861_Adobe_Fresco.zip
- 862_Fresco_halftones.zip
- 863_live_brushes.zip
- 864_oil_paint.zip
- 865_Fresco_masks.zip
- 866_repurpose_mask.zip
- 867_vector_brush.zip
- 868_fresco_ps.zip
- 869_auto_color.zip
- 870_ACR_pano.zip
- 871_correct_pano.zip
- 872_diffusion.zip
- 873_simplify_2020.zip
- 874_fill_gaps.zip
- 875_posterize.zip
- 876_paint_bucket.zip
- 877_nonD_poster.zip
- 878_dynamic_poster.zip
- 879_filmstrip.zip
- 880_awful_awesome.zip
- 881_rembrandt.zip
- 882_recolor_freeform.zip
- 883_recolor_group.zip
- 884_over_under.zip
- 885_dev_over_under.zip
- 886_3D_metal_star.zip
- 887_heavy_metal.zip
- 888_wonder_poster.zip
- 889_wonder_displace.zip
- 890_wonder_woman.zip
- 891_metadata_template.zip
- 892_edit_metadata.zip
- 893_quilt_warp.zip
- 894_warp_object.zip
- 895_gopro_images.zip
- 896_content_aware.zip
- 897_gopro_combo.zip
- 898_blend_vignette.zip
- 899_photo_painting.zip
- 900_cue_ball.zip
- 901_pool_ball.zip
- 902_stripe_ball.zip
- 903_transform_each.zip
- 904_recolor_pool.zip
- 905_pool_cues.zip
- 906_rotate_cues.zip
- 907_repeat_face.zip
- 908_rainbow_faces.zip
- 909_mask_lips.zip
- 910_single_many.zip
- 911_symmetrical_mask.zip
- 912_colorize_grads.zip
- 913_mask_grads.zip
- 914_lantern_type1.zip
- 915_lantern_type2.zip
- 916_lantern_type3.zip
- 917_blend_steps.zip
- 918_blended_blends.zip
- 919_reverse_order.zip
- 920_pattern_colors.zip
- 921_blend_pattern.zip
- 922_polygons.zip
- 923_equil_triangle.zip
- 924_mercedes.zip
- 925_star_ring.zip
- 926_perfect_star.zip
- 927_lets_review.zip
- 928_basic_shapes.zip
- 929_triangle_man.zip
- 930_paint_grads.zip
- 931_adv_grads.zip
- 932_trans_vectors.zip
- 933_free_distort.zip
- 934_dynamic_fx.zip
- 935_cats_eye.zip
- 936_cat_iris.zip
- 937_primitives.zip
- 938_zig_zag.zip
- 939_dynamic_hilight.zip
- 940_reptile_scales.zip
- 941_shade_eye.zip
- 942_variable_shade.zip
- 943_dragon_eye.zip
- 945_single_thumbnail.zip
- 946_ai_home.zip
- 947_unlock_object.zip
- 948_unlock_icon.zip
- 949_line_tool.zip
- 950_broken_candy.zip
- 951_candy_rhino.zip
- 952_wrap_pattern.zip
- 953_ice_shadows.zip
- 954_illustrator_ipad.zip
- 955_pencil_points.zip
- 956_ipad_blob.zip
- 957_ipad_pen.zip
- 958_grads_repeats.zip
- 959_color_grading.zip
- 960_grading_tricks.zip
- 961_blend_balance.zip
- 962_font_height.zip
- 963_camera_profile.zip
- 964_JPEG_raw.zip
- 965_match_detail.zip
- 966_Ps_line_tool.zip
- 967_troubleshoot_line.zip
- 968_blend_vectors.zip
- 969_curve_line.zip
- 970_point_glyphs.zip
- 971_area_glyphs.zip
- 972_snap_glyphs.zip
- 973_snap_letterform.zip
- 974_glyph_shape.zip
- 975_glyph_pen.zip
- 976_playing_cards.zip
- 977_scale_shape.zip
- 978_card_suits.zip
- 979_enhance_path.zip
- 980_power_symbol.zip
- 981_huge_artboard.zip
- 982_new_artboard.zip
- 983_triceratops.zip
- 984_pen_tricks.zip
- 985_round_corner.zip
- 986_draw_round.zip
- 987_reshape_round.zip
- 988_AI_brushed.zip
- 989_AI_rivets.zip
- 990_blend_grad.zip
- 991_binoculars.zip
- 992_blue_halo.zip
- 993_bi_aberrations.zip
- 994_hide_shapes.zip
- 995_subwoofer.zip
- 996_deep_cone.zip
- 997_gradient_frame.zip
- 998_hex_screws.zip
- 999_thats_all.zip
Contents
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669 Customizing a QR code in Photoshop11m 22s
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670 Adding more color to your QR code4m 29s
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671 Coffer illusion and the hidden circles18m 10s
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672 Filling out the hidden circles illusion9m 30s
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673 Shading the panels in a Coffer illusion13m 1s
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674 Drawing a classic “café wall” illusion11m 20s
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675 Skewing your crazy café walls in Illustrator9m 25s
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676 Creating a “magical checkers” illusion20m 8s
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677 Swapping magical checkers for dots8m 35s
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678 Reversing the direction of your illusion8m 33s
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679 Decorating your illusion9m 47s
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680 Adding more and more gizmos11m 52s
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681 Connecting the gizmos wirelessly4m 59s
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682 Drawing a Wi-Fi symbol in Illustrator9m 48s
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683 Drawing the official Bluetooth logo10m 8s
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684 Introducing Trajan Color Concept13m 10s
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685 Trajan Color Concept in Illustrator CC7m 10s
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686 Using stylistic sets in Photoshop CC9m 37s
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687 Using stylistic sets in Illustrator CC6m 47s
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688 Creating gradient molecules in Photoshop10m 17s
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689 Sharpening your very soft molecules4m 41s
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690 Editing your smart-filtered molecules6m 32s
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691 Exploring regular molecule patterns17m 41s
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692 Blending opposing rows of colorful molecules8m 49s
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693 Sharpening molecules with High Pass6m 3s
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694 Creating shimmering cells in Illustrator12m 25s
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695 Turning regular hexagons into organic cells11m 50s
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696 Enhancing your organic cells in Photoshop8m 58s
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697 Making dead cells spring to life7m 41s
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698 Creating letters with accordion extrusions13m 58s
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699 Combining object blends with skews11m 28s
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700 Making one object blend cut through another9m 44s
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701 Making one object blend slice across another13m 27s
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702 Object blends and dynamic distortions in Illustrator8m 11s
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703 Another random distortion: Roughen7m 57s
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704 Dynamic warp distortions: Fish and Twist8m 52s
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705 Adding a dynamic background, part 110m 14s
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706 Adding a dynamic background, part 27m 44s
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707 “Quieting down” an overly elaborate design9m 25s
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708 The Marvel disintegration effect9m 14s
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709 Building up more flakes and ashes7m 33s
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710 Enhancing and masking your disintegration8m 12s
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711 Turning your flakes into dull, dead ash4m 10s
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712 Jogging your memory with the Note tool9m 59s
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713 Contour mapping with Distort > Displace10m 23s
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714 Contour map + gradient map6m 54s
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715 Contour map + arbitrary map8m 22s
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716 Riffing on a contour map in Photoshop5m 24s
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717 Smoothing out jagged contour lines4m 11s
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718 Contour mapping for cash in Photoshop9m 27s
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719 Infusing an image with the color of money2m 53s
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720 Simulating an adjustment layer in Illustrator9m 25s
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721 Drawing a stylish computer key12m 9s
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722 Spelling a word in computer keys6m 55s
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723 Creating a faux hedcut in Photoshop13m 7s
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724 Tracing outlines around your hedcut7m 47s
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725 Creating a full-color hedcut effect7m 32s
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726 Creating an E.T. moon in Photoshop8m 42s
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727 Adding a forest of trees for your E.T. moon10m 41s
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728 Combining the best of E.T. and Jurassic Park10m 59s
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729 Tracing vectors with a universal glow6m 17s
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730 Creative uses for Content-Aware Fill11m 47s
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731 Creating a porthole to a far-away galaxy7m 42s
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732 Enhancing your crazy space porthole7m 3s
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733 Creating a galaxy of rushing stars5m 42s
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734 Using the Puppet Warp tool in Illustrator CC6m 7s
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735 Illustrator Puppet Warp tips and tricks7m 20s
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736 Puppet-Warping very complicated selections6m 18s
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737 Shift-P for Puppet Warp!2m 59s
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738 Introducing the Pentagon Patterns7m 29s
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739 Types 1–5: The Reinhardt pentagons14m 17s
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740 Types 6–8: The Kershner pentagons5m 47s
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741 Type 10: The James pentagon5m 53s
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742 Types 9, 11, 12, and 13: The Rice pentagons7m 58s
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743 Type 14: The Stein pentagon3m 53s
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744 Creating a type 15 pentagon in Illustrator9m 27s
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745 Tessellating your type 15 pentagon14m 22s
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746 Expressing pentagons as proper tile patterns12m 9s
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747 Applying and modifying a tile pattern11m
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748 Combining complementary patterns7m 43s
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749 Combining a tile pattern with a photograph6m 33s
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750 Adjusting a tile pattern to fit its photo5m 36s
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751 Creating a creepy Candy Keeper in Photoshop3m 59s
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752 Enhancing the Candy Keeper text4m 46s
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753 Creating an old monster movie poster7m 3s
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754 Adding a monochrome halftone effect4m 3s
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755 Enhancing a special word, such as “Haunted”4m 27s
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756 Cheating letters into an ancient border2m 25s
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757 Naming an adjustment layer as you create it4m 13s
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758 Under the sea in strict monochrome6m 29s
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759 Backscatter and split toning7m 21s
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760 Sampling any color outside Photoshop3m 17s
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761 Designing a vector-based logo in Photoshop9m 20s
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762 Free-transforming shape layers7m 56s
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763 Adding a photo element to your vector logo6m 34s
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764 High-resolution snowflakes in Photoshop5m 45s
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765 Enhancing your big, juicy snowflakes7m 19s
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766 Adding a snowflake bokeh “on the lens”6m 8s
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