Manipulating strings

…AWK provides a large library of string manipulation functions.…Here are some of the most useful.…Note that AWK always numbers characters within strings beginning at one.…For example, in the string Snoopy the s is…character number one and the p is character number five.…The first and most useful string manipulation function is length…which simply returns the length of the specified string in characters.…If you omit the string argument, length returns the length of $0, the whole line.…

Index looks for the string target within…the string string and returns the location within…the string where the first occurrence was found or zero if it is not found.…For example, index looking for…blish within the string antidisestablishmentarianism returns…12 because blish begins at the 12th character of the word.…The function match is similar to index but it…looks for a regular expression rather than a simple string.…In addition to returning the location in the string where the first match…was found, it also sets the variable RSTART to the location of the match.…