Preventing short lines

- [Voiceover] I'm going to use this short chapter…from War of the Worlds, by H. G. Wells, to show you…how we can fix some common composition problems.…So, let's just take a look through this document.…Now, I've highlighted the problems.…At the top of page three, we have a widowed line.…So, a widow is the last line of a paragraph…that ends up at the top of the next page.…Now, not all widow's are necessarily that bad.…This is not that bad because it's on a facing pages…spread and it's a long line, but still,…if we can fix it, that would be preferable.…

Moving to the next spread, another widow.…This one, worse, because it's so much shorter.…Also, down at the bottom here, we have a runt,…or a short word.…Whatever you deem is non-permissible and I'm gonna say,…anything less than nine characters, at the end of a…paragraph, is not permissible, so that's the…problem right there.…And on the next spread, we have another runt.…So, when addressing these problems, start with the…more macro approach and that is to fix the runts…