Stream versus block ciphers

- [Instructor] Ciphers can be broken down…into two different categories based on the method used…to ingest the data into the algorithm.…These ciphers are categorized as either a stream cipher…or a block cipher.…Stream ciphers perform their computations and encryptions…on a single bit at a time,…making them a bit by bit process.…They utilize key stream generators to create a bit stream…that is mixed with the input plaintext…using a mathematical XOR function or Exclusive OR.…This allows it to create the encrypted ciphertext.…

Because stream ciphers perform bit by bit encryption,…they are well suited…for securing real-time communication data streams…like streaming audio or streaming video.…Stream-based ciphers are often used…in hardware encryption devices…and have a lower error rate than block ciphers.…They also use the same key for encryption and decryption.…Stream ciphers tend to be cheaper to utilize…than a block cipher…and they also employ confusion technology only,…not diffusion technology.…What is confusion?…