IntroductionWelcome| 00:04 | Hi! I am Jeff Bartels.
| | 00:06 | Welcome to AutoCAD Essentials 3:
Editing and Organizing Drawings.
| | 00:10 | In this title, we'll dive deeper into
AutoCAD's toolset, such that we can further refine our
| | 00:15 | designs and prepare them for production.
| | 00:18 | We'll also learn how to control the appearance of
our geometry using layers, line types and colors.
| | 00:23 | Using shortcut keys and polygon shapes, we'll
learn how to select multiple objects by going
| | 00:28 | beyond traditional windows.
| | 00:31 | When it comes to editing drawings, we'll
expand on our skill set and incorporate specialized
| | 00:36 | tools used to resize and reshape geometry.
| | 00:39 | We'll also learn efficient ways to copy
entities into rotational or rectangular patterns.
| | 00:45 | We will even bypass the Ribbon and
learn how to modify geometry using grips;
| | 00:49 | these little blue handles are one of
AutoCAD's most powerful editing choices.
| | 00:53 | Finally, we'll learn how to use the Layer
Properties Manager to organize our drawings
| | 00:58 | using logical layers, colors and line types.
| | 01:01 | When you're ready, follow
me and we'll get started.
| | 01:04 |
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| Using the exercise files| 00:00 | If you purchased a DVD or are
a premium subscriber to lynda.com,
| | 00:04 | you'll have access to the
exercise files used in this title.
| | 00:07 | They will be in a folder called exercise files.
If you download them, place them on your Desktop.
| | 00:14 | In there you'll find the content divided up
into directories named after the chapters
| | 00:18 | where they are used.
| | 00:19 | By placing the exercise files on the Desktop,
you'll be able to access them the same way
| | 00:24 | that I do in the course.
| | 00:25 |
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1. Making SelectionsSelecting objects using windows| 00:00 | Think about it, nearly every AutoCAD
command asks you to select objects.
| | 00:04 | By simply making more efficient selections, you
can significantly increase your productivity.
| | 00:10 | In this lesson we'll look at how to
select entities using the window method.
| | 00:13 | On my screen I have some abstract geometry.
| | 00:16 | Let's say that I would like to select
these red circles in the upper-left corner.
| | 00:21 | Maybe I'd like to move them.
| | 00:23 | To do that, I'll launch the Move command and
at the Select objects prompt, I'm going to
| | 00:27 | click to the upper-left of this geometry.
| | 00:30 | I will then pull down into the
right creating a window selection.
| | 00:35 | I'll click to finish my window and when I
do, AutoCAD selects everything that falls
| | 00:39 | completely within the boundary.
| | 00:41 | I will then press Enter to let AutoCAD
know I'm finished selecting objects.
| | 00:45 | And I will move these circles from the upper-
right corner of this square to the upper-left corner.
| | 00:51 | That is a standard window selection.
| | 00:54 | Now let's say I'd like to erase these
red circles in the lower-right corner.
| | 00:59 | I'll move up and launch Erase command, and
at the Select objects prompt, I'm going to
| | 01:03 | click to the upper-right of this
geometry and I'll pull down into the left.
| | 01:08 | This time I'm creating a crossing window.
| | 01:10 | When I click to finish the window, AutoCAD
will select everything that falls completely
| | 01:14 | within the boundary or crosses over the edge.
| | 01:17 | I will then press Enter to
finish the Erase Command.
| | 01:20 | That was an example of a
crossing window selection.
| | 01:23 | Now the only downside to these window-based
selections is they force us to conform to
| | 01:27 | a rectangular shape.
| | 01:29 | Actually there is a way around this.
| | 01:31 | I am going to pane the drawing over.
| | 01:34 | Let's say that I'd like
to move these red circles.
| | 01:37 | This time a rectangular
selection isn't going to help me.
| | 01:40 | I'm going to launch the Move command and at
the Select objects prompt, I'll type wp; that
| | 01:46 | stands for Window
Polygon and I'll press Enter.
| | 01:49 | I will then click to the upper-left of
this geometry and I will click again.
| | 01:55 | I'll work my way around.
| | 01:57 | Notice the type of selection I'm making.
| | 01:59 | I'm creating a window-based selection, but
I am not having to conform to a rectangle.
| | 02:03 | When I am finished, I'll press Enter and AutoCAD selects
everything that falls completely within that polygon.
| | 02:09 | I will then press Enter again to let AutoCAD
know I am finished making selections and I'll
| | 02:14 | pick these circles up from the upper-right
corner of this square and place them to the
| | 02:18 | upper-left corner.
| | 02:20 | Let's pan the drawing over a little bit more.
| | 02:22 | You're probably thinking
it and you're correct;
| | 02:24 | in addition to a window polygon,
we also have a crossing polygon.
| | 02:29 | Let's say that I would like to
erase these yellow rectangles.
| | 02:32 | I am going to launch the Erase command and
at the Select objects prompt, I'll type cp
| | 02:38 | for crossing polygon.
| | 02:40 | I'll press Enter, and then as I go to make
my selection, I am going to be very mindful
| | 02:45 | of my running object snaps.
| | 02:46 | In fact, I'd like to disable those
momentarily so they don't get in the way.
| | 02:50 | Now I could do that by simply clicking
the toggle down here in the Status bar.
| | 02:54 | Instead, I am going to hold my F3 key down.
| | 02:58 | This will disable running object snaps until
such time as I take my finger off the F3 key.
| | 03:04 | To make my selection, I'll
click here and here and here.
| | 03:08 | Notice the type of shape I am making,
notice the type of selection that this is.
| | 03:13 | When I am finished with my selection,
I'll take my finger off the F3 key.
| | 03:16 | And then I'll press Enter and AutoCAD selects
any geometry that fell completely within or
| | 03:21 | crossed over the edge of that polygon.
| | 03:24 | I will then press Enter to
finish the Erase Command.
| | 03:26 | Now that we understand how the different
windows selections work, let's try and use them in
| | 03:31 | a practical example.
| | 03:32 | I am going to pan the drawing over.
| | 03:34 | I'll zoom out a little bit.
| | 03:36 | On my screen, I have a series
of some handicapped stalls.
| | 03:41 | The stall on the left has
a single parking bumper.
| | 03:44 | I would like to copy this
bumper to the other two stalls.
| | 03:47 | To do that, I'll launch the Copy command and
I'm going to create a standard window selection
| | 03:52 | to select this geometry.
| | 03:54 | I'll press Enter when I'm finished, and I will place
this to a common endpoint in the other two stalls.
| | 04:01 | Let's say that after making this change,
we realized that our stalls are reversed.
| | 04:05 | The symbol should be on the right side
and the hatch should be on the left.
| | 04:09 | To fix this geometry, I'll be
making a couple window-based selections.
| | 04:12 | I am going to start by moving the hatch.
| | 04:16 | I'll launch the Move command and I'll create
some small crossing window selections to select
| | 04:22 | the hatch and the striping along the bottom.
| | 04:25 | I'll press Enter when I am finished.
| | 04:26 | I will then pick the hatch up from the end
of one of the stripes and I'll place it to
| | 04:31 | the stripe next-door.
| | 04:32 | I am going to press the spacebar to relaunch
the Move command and I'm going to move this
| | 04:37 | extra stripe from the endpoint to the
endpoint of this stall on the west side.
| | 04:43 | Finally, we'll move the symbols and the
parking bumpers into the empty spaces.
| | 04:47 | I'll launch the Move command and then at the
Select objects prompt, I'll type wp and press Enter.
| | 04:54 | I'll click a couple points onscreen,
being mindful of my running object snaps.
| | 04:59 | Once I have surrounded my geometry, I'll
press Enter to finish the selection, press Enter
| | 05:04 | again to let AutoCAD know I'm
finished selecting objects.
| | 05:07 | I will then pick the geometry up from the
end of one of the stripes and place it to
| | 05:11 | the end of the stripe next door.
| | 05:13 | When it comes to selecting multiple objects,
there is nothing faster than using a window.
| | 05:18 | Remember that windows
don't have to be a rectangle.
| | 05:20 | By simple typing wp or cp, your window
selection can conform to any shape you like.
| | 05:27 |
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| Adding to and removing from selections| 00:00 | When making a selection, there is always a chance
you might select too many objects or not enough.
| | 00:06 | Fortunately, AutoCAD allows us
to make revisions to a selection.
| | 00:10 | In this lesson we're going to learn how to
add and remove objects from a selection set.
| | 00:14 | On my screen I have some abstract geometry.
Let's take a look at this pattern on the left first.
| | 00:20 | Maybe I'd like to erase
all of these yellow squares.
| | 00:23 | To do that, I'll launch the Erase command
and I'll start by creating a window selection
| | 00:28 | to grab these squares on the top, I'll then
create a crossing window to select the squares
| | 00:33 | on the left side, and then I'll wrap up by
creating another window selection to get these
| | 00:38 | squares in the lower right.
| | 00:40 | The thing I want you to notice is that
AutoCAD defaults to a multiple selection mode, as
| | 00:45 | long as I keep selecting objects, those
objects are added to the selection set.
| | 00:50 | When I'm finished, I'll press the Enter key.
| | 00:53 | Now I'd like to bring this geometry back. To
do that I'll launch the Undo command, I could
| | 00:58 | also use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Z. Let's
try and make that same selection, except this
| | 01:03 | time we'll do it in a different way.
| | 01:05 | I'll re-launch the Erase command, and this
time I'm going to create a window selection
| | 01:09 | around everything. This obviously selected
too much, at the Select objects prompt I'm
| | 01:14 | going to hold my Shift key down and I'll reselect
these 6 circles to remove them from the selection.
| | 01:22 | I'll then take my finger off the Shift
key and I'll press Enter when I'm finished.
| | 01:26 | So by holding the Shift key down you
can remove objects from a selection set.
| | 01:31 | Knowing what we know now, let's see how
quickly we can select and erase the yellow squares
| | 01:36 | in this pattern on the right.
| | 01:38 | I'll launch the Erase command, I'm going to
make a window and select everything, I'll
| | 01:43 | then hold my Shift key and
deselect the geometry in the middle.
| | 01:47 | I'll take my finger off the Shift key and
I'll reselect the square in the center, when
| | 01:52 | I'm finished, I'll press Enter.
| | 01:54 | Now that we have better understanding of how
we can add and remove from a selection, let's
| | 01:58 | try and use these tools
in a practical example.
| | 02:02 | On my screen I have a
drawing of a motorcycle sprocket.
| | 02:05 | Now everything about this drawing is perfect
with the exception of these teeth. All of this
| | 02:10 | geometry needs to be erased.
| | 02:13 | If I was trying to select this geometry using Windows
that would be extremely tedious, let me press Escape.
| | 02:19 | Instead I will select these
teeth using the Add/Remove options.
| | 02:23 | I'll start by launching the Erase command
and I'll create a window around the entire
| | 02:27 | sprocket, I will then hold down my Shift key
and create a crossing window to deselect the
| | 02:34 | geometry in the middle.
| | 02:36 | When I'm finished, I'll press
Enter and only the teeth are erased.
| | 02:41 | As you can see, AutoCAD makes it easy to
refine a selection set. If you want to add more,
| | 02:46 | just select more. If you want to remove objects,
select them again while holding down the Shift key.
| | 02:52 |
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| Using keyboard shortcuts| 00:00 | Each selection method we have looked at so
far has required us to actively click on an
| | 00:04 | object or create a window.
| | 00:07 | In this lesson, we will look at how we can
select objects using a keyboard shortcut.
| | 00:11 | Using these shortcuts, we can make
selections without having to touch the entities.
| | 00:15 | On my screen, I have an architectural example;
this geometry represents a floor plan for
| | 00:20 | a small hotel room.
| | 00:22 | The first keyboard shortcut I would like to look at
allows us to select all the geometry in the file.
| | 00:28 | For instance, maybe I would like to
change the orientation of this room.
| | 00:32 | To do that, I will launch the Rotate command.
| | 00:34 | And at the Select objects prompt,
I will type all and press Enter.
| | 00:39 | And you can see that AutoCAD has
selected all of the geometry in the file.
| | 00:42 | I will press Enter again, now that
I am finished selecting objects.
| | 00:47 | For my base point, I will select the upper
left corner of the bed and for my rotation
| | 00:52 | angle; I will type 180 and press Enter.
| | 00:56 | So all allows us to select all
of the geometry in the file.
| | 01:00 | Let's zoom in the bedroom area and I would like
to create a lamp on the top of this nightstand
| | 01:05 | on the right side.
| | 01:06 | I will use the Circle command for this and I
would like to draw my circle at the center
| | 01:11 | of the top of this table.
| | 01:14 | So I am going to Shift+Right-Click to bring
up the Objects Snap menu and I will choose
| | 01:18 | Mid Between 2 Points, and I would like the
center of this lamp to be at the midpoint
| | 01:24 | between the upper left corner and
the lower right corner of the table.
| | 01:28 | I will then give my lamp a radius of 6-3/4".
| | 01:33 | Remember, this is an architectural example.
| | 01:36 | Next, I would like to create a copy
of this lamp on the other nightstand.
| | 01:39 | I will move up and launch the Copy command
and at the Select objects prompt I will type
| | 01:44 | l and press Enter; l stands for last, and
you can see the AutoCAD has selected the last
| | 01:51 | object that I created.
| | 01:52 | I will press Enter again to finish my selection,
and I will pick the lamp up from the lower
| | 01:57 | left corner of the nightstand on the right
side and I will place it to the lower left
| | 02:01 | corner of the nightstand on the left side.
| | 02:04 | When I am finished, I will press Escape.
| | 02:06 | Let's pan the drawing up a little bit, down
at the foot of the bed I have got a small
| | 02:10 | desk and a chair.
| | 02:11 | Currently the chair is facing
the narrowest part of the desk.
| | 02:15 | I would like to orient the chair such
that it is facing this larger area.
| | 02:19 | To do that, I will launch the Move command
and I will create a window to select the chair
| | 02:23 | geometry, I will press
Enter, when I am finished.
| | 02:26 | I will pick the chair up from the midpoint of the front,
and I will place it to the midpoint of this edge.
| | 02:32 | Next, I would like to rotate the chair. At
the Select objects prompt I am going to type
| | 02:38 | p and press Enter; p stands for previous,
and you can see that AutoCAD has reselected
| | 02:44 | my previous selection.
| | 02:46 | I will press Enter when finished.
| | 02:48 | I would like to rotate the chair around the
midpoint of the front and I will rotate it
| | 02:53 | to the endpoint of this corner of the desk.
| | 02:55 | Next, I would like to push the chair away
from the desk a little bit, I will launch
| | 02:59 | the Move command for that, at the Select
objects prompt I will type p for previous.
| | 03:04 | I will press Enter to finish this selection
and I will pick the chair up from a point
| | 03:09 | in space here and drag the chair away
slightly and I will click when I am finished.
| | 03:14 | Finally, I will double-click my mouse wheel
to do a Zoom Extents, such that we can see
| | 03:19 | the entire drawing.
| | 03:20 | So in the event you need to select the last
object you created, or a previous selection
| | 03:25 | set, or all of the objects in the drawing.
| | 03:29 | I am sure you will agree that making
selections using a keyboard shortcut could be one of
| | 03:32 | the fastest ways to select objects.
| | 03:35 |
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2. Refining GeometryCreating fillets| 00:00 | Let's face it, the easiest way to clean up intersecting
geometry is by creating a sharp corner.
| | 00:06 | Unfortunately, sharp corners aren't
always the best solution for a design.
| | 00:10 | In this lesson, we are going
to explore the Fillet command.
| | 00:13 | Fillet allows us to create rounded corners.
| | 00:16 | On my screen, I have some abstract geometry.
| | 00:18 | We are going to use these lines to
explore the workflow behind Fillet.
| | 00:23 | Now Fillet is a modification tool.
| | 00:25 | So we can find it right here in
the Modify panel of the Ribbon.
| | 00:29 | After launching the command, AutoCAD
essentially just wants us to click the two objects.
| | 00:34 | I'm going to select my first object and the
second one, and AutoCAD creates the rounded corner.
| | 00:40 | I know what you're thinking, that
corner doesn't look very round.
| | 00:43 | That's because we neglected to do one thing.
| | 00:46 | We didn't set a radius for the fillet.
| | 00:49 | You see the default radius is 0.
| | 00:51 | So in that respect, Fillet can
also be used to create sharp corners.
| | 00:55 | I am going to launch the Fillet command again.
| | 00:58 | This time I'll come down to the command line
and I'll choose Radius, and let's create a
| | 01:03 | fillet with a radius of 8".
| | 01:06 | This is an architectural example.
| | 01:08 | I will then select my first object and my
second one to create the rounded corner.
| | 01:14 | We'll make one more.
| | 01:15 | I'll click to relaunch Fillet.
| | 01:17 | I will then Select my first object.
| | 01:20 | I will then hover over the second object and
you can see that AutoCAD gives us a preview
| | 01:24 | of the current radius size.
| | 01:26 | After looking at this, maybe I'd
like the radius to be a little larger.
| | 01:30 | I'll simply come down to the command line and
choose Radius and I'm going to type 15" this time.
| | 01:37 | I will then hover.
| | 01:38 | That looks perfect.
| | 01:39 | I will then click the
line to finish the Fillet.
| | 01:42 | Now that we understand the basics of how the
Fillet command works, let's try and use it
| | 01:46 | in a practical example.
| | 01:47 | I am going to zoom out.
| | 01:51 | I'll pan the drawing over.
| | 01:52 | On my screen, I have some geometry that
represents a floor plan for a hotel room.
| | 01:57 | I am going to start by
zooming in on this desk area.
| | 02:01 | Take a look at this corner,
this is awfully sharp.
| | 02:03 | I'd like to use the Fillet
command to round off this corner.
| | 02:07 | I'll launch Fillet.
| | 02:09 | I'll come down and choose Radius and I
would like to use a 6" radius on this corner.
| | 02:15 | I'll click my first line and then
I'll hover over the second one.
| | 02:19 | That looks perfect.
| | 02:20 | I'll click to finish the fillet.
| | 02:23 | Let's pan the drawing over.
| | 02:24 | We'll focus our attention on this lounge.
| | 02:27 | Let's say that I would like to fillet
these four corners, each with a 4" radius.
| | 02:33 | I'll launch Fillet.
| | 02:35 | I'll come down and I'll set my Radius to 4".
| | 02:39 | I will then click the
first line and the second one.
| | 02:42 | Notice that Fillet assumes that
you only ever want to do one.
| | 02:45 | We've been dropped from the command.
| | 02:47 | I am going to come back up and launch Fillet.
| | 02:50 | Take a look at the Command line.
| | 02:51 | Notice there's an option here called Multiple.
| | 02:53 | I'm going to select Multiple and now when I
click my first line and my second one, Fillet
| | 02:59 | will use the current radius and
it will keep me in the command.
| | 03:03 | So I can then click this line and this one,
this line and this one, and I will remain in
| | 03:08 | the command until such
time as I press the Escape key.
| | 03:12 | I am going to pan the drawing up and
let's take a closer look at this chair.
| | 03:18 | This geometry was created
using the Rectangle command.
| | 03:21 | So essentially it's a polyline.
| | 03:23 | I am going to launch the Fillet command again
and then I'll come down to the command line
| | 03:27 | and choose Polyline.
| | 03:29 | Using this option, AutoCAD will apply the
current radius to all corners of this object.
| | 03:35 | We'll do one final thing.
| | 03:36 | I am going to pan this up and
we'll look at the desk again.
| | 03:40 | This area is awfully narrow.
| | 03:41 | In fact, if I select this line on the end
and come over to the Properties palette, mine
| | 03:46 | is anchored to the interface. If yours is not, you
can always hit Ctrl+1 to bring up this palette.
| | 03:52 | If I drag this slider down, I can see
this line is approximately 13 inches long.
| | 03:57 | I'll press Escape when I'm finished.
| | 04:00 | Let's says that I would like this
area of the desk to be 19" deep.
| | 04:04 | To do that, I'll launch the Offset command.
| | 04:06 | I'll enter 19" for my distance.
| | 04:09 | I'll select this back edge
and I'll offset it forward.
| | 04:13 | When I'm finished, I will press Escape.
| | 04:15 | I will then select my previous edge, it's
no longer necessary, and I'll press Delete.
| | 04:20 | Now let's use the Fillet command
to clean up these intersections.
| | 04:25 | I'll launch Fillet.
| | 04:26 | I'll Select my first line and then when I
hover over the second one, notice Fillet is
| | 04:30 | wanting to put an arc in there.
| | 04:33 | Maybe I'd like this to be a sharp corner.
| | 04:35 | Notice at the command line, it says Select
second object or Shift+Select to apply corner.
| | 04:41 | If I hold my Shift key when I click this second line,
the Fillet command will create a sharp corner.
| | 04:47 | I'll launch Fillet one more time and then
I'll create another sharp corner from these
| | 04:52 | intersecting objects.
| | 04:54 | When I am finished, I'll back up and
we'll center the geometry onscreen.
| | 04:58 | So the next time you're working with
intersecting line work, try using the Fillet command.
| | 05:03 | Its ability to create rounded or sharp
corners makes it one of the most valuable tools for
| | 05:07 | editing a drawing.
| | 05:09 |
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| Creating chamfers| 00:00 | When it comes to cleaning up intersecting
geometry, we are not limited to only rounded
| | 00:05 | and sharp corners.
| | 00:06 | AutoCAD also allows us to
create beveled corners.
| | 00:10 | In this lesson, we'll look at the
workflow behind the Chamfer command.
| | 00:13 | On my screen I have some geometry
that represents a typical screwdriver.
| | 00:17 | We'll be using the Chamfer
command to finish this drawing.
| | 00:21 | We'll start by zooming in on
the top-middle of the handle.
| | 00:26 | On the left, I have a finished example
of what this corner should look like.
| | 00:30 | To clean up this geometry,
we'll use the Chamfer command.
| | 00:34 | Chamfer is a modification tool, so we can
find it in the Modify panel of the Ribbon.
| | 00:38 | It shares the same flyout
menu as the Fillet command.
| | 00:41 | In fact, the Chamfer
workflow is identical to Fillet.
| | 00:46 | When you launch the command, AutoCAD just
wants you to pick your first line and then
| | 00:49 | your second line and it will
create the beveled corner.
| | 00:53 | Instead of setting a radius, since this isn't round, we
have to insert our angular measurements a different way.
| | 01:00 | There are two methods to do this: the
Distance method and the Angle method.
| | 01:04 | We're going to look at a
Distance method first.
| | 01:07 | I'll select Distance down here at the command line
and then for my first chamfer distance, I'll enter
| | 01:13 | .1, for my second chamfer
distance, I'll enter .15.
| | 01:18 | The measurements that I've put in represent
the distance from the corner to where my chamfer
| | 01:23 | starts and where it ends.
| | 01:25 | I will now select my two lines.
| | 01:28 | The order in which I select the lines depends on
the order in which I entered the measurements.
| | 01:32 | I'll select the top edge first,
this represented my measurement of .1,
| | 01:36 | I will then select the front edge,
it represents the measurement of
| | 01:41 | .15, and when I do,
AutoCAD creates the chamfer.
| | 01:45 | Let's zoom out a little.
| | 01:47 | I'll pan the drawing up and I'm going to
press my spacebar to reenter the Chamfer command.
| | 01:52 | AutoCAD remembers all of
the previous settings.
| | 01:55 | So I'll click this bottom edge and then the
front edge to apply the Chamfer to the other side.
| | 02:01 | So we would use the Distance method anytime we
know the measurements from where our chamfer
| | 02:05 | starts, to where it ends.
| | 02:07 | Let's create another chamfer.
| | 02:08 | This time, we'll look at the Angular method.
| | 02:11 | I'll launch the Chamfer command.
| | 02:13 | I'll come down and choose Angle.
| | 02:16 | To create the chamfer for this corner, my
chamfer length on the first line is going to be
| | 02:20 | .1 and my chamfer angle will be 45.
| | 02:24 | That happens to be the default, so I'll
small press Enter to accept that value.
| | 02:27 | Once again, I will select my lines in the
order in which I entered my measurements.
| | 02:33 | This back edge represents
my measurement of .1.
| | 02:36 | AutoCAD is going to measure .1
| | 02:37 | up from this corner, and when I select
this bottom edge, AutoCAD will turn 45 degrees
| | 02:43 | and chamfer the corner.
| | 02:46 | Let's relaunch the Chamfer command.
| | 02:48 | I'll click the back edge and the
top edge to chamfer the other side.
| | 02:52 | Next, I'm going to pan down
to the tip of the screwdriver.
| | 02:57 | Let's zoom out a little.
| | 02:59 | Based on the measurements we have here, it looks
like this is going to be the Distance method.
| | 03:03 | I'll launch the Chamfer command.
| | 03:05 | I'll select Distance.
| | 03:08 | My first chamfer distance will be .6, second chamfer
distance will be .07, Enter.
| | 03:14 | I will then click the .6 side first,
and then the .07 side.
| | 03:20 | I'll press the spacebar to relaunch Chamfer
and I'll garb the top edge and the front edge
| | 03:26 | to chamfer the other side.
| | 03:28 | Now that I am finished, I am going to
create a window around this example geometry and
| | 03:31 | I'll press Delete.
| | 03:34 | I will also select this example geometry.
| | 03:37 | I'll remove it as well.
| | 03:39 | Let's pan down to the
other end of the screwdriver.
| | 03:41 | Once again, I have an example of what
the end of the handle should look like.
| | 03:46 | If I select this geometry, it is a polyline.
| | 03:49 | This geometry was created
using the Rectangle command.
| | 03:52 | It was then trimmed on this left side.
| | 03:56 | Since the Chamfer command is virtually identical to
the Fillet command, it also has a Polyline option.
| | 04:02 | So I am going to launch Chamfer, based on my
measurements I am going to use the Angle method.
| | 04:07 | The chamfer length on the first line will be
| | 04:09 | .4 and then I'll press Enter
to accept the 45 degree angle.
| | 04:15 | I will then come down and choose Polyline and I'll
click my Polyline to apply the chamfer to both corners.
| | 04:22 | Now that I am finished, I'll select my
example geometry and I'll press Delete.
| | 04:26 | Finally, I'll double-click the mouse wheel to
do a Zoom Extents and view the entire drawing.
| | 04:32 | So in the event your design calls for a
beveled corner, try using the Chamfer command.
| | 04:36 | Its multiple creation methods and fillet-like
workflow make it the easiest way to construct
| | 04:41 | an angular intersection.
| | 04:43 |
| | Collapse this transcript |
| Creating a rotational array| 00:00 | In this lesson, we are going to learn
a more powerful way to copy geometry.
| | 00:04 | Specifically we'll be looking
at the Polar Array command.
| | 00:07 | Polar Array allows us to copy
objects in a rotational pattern.
| | 00:11 | The best part is the pattern we create
is dynamic and can be easily edited.
| | 00:16 | On my screen I have some geometry over here
on the left that presents a couple of chairs.
| | 00:21 | This circle on the right
represents a round table.
| | 00:25 | I'd like to start by moving this
chair on the left over to the table.
| | 00:29 | To do that, I'll launch the Move command.
| | 00:31 | I'll create a window selection
around the chair and I'll press Enter.
| | 00:35 | I'd like to pick this chair up from the midpoint of
the front and I'll place it to, Shift+Right-Click,
| | 00:41 | I'll bring up my Object Snap menu, and I'll
choose Quadrant and I'll grab the quadrant
| | 00:46 | at the top of the table.
| | 00:48 | Now that my chair is here, I'd like to move
it a little bit farther away from the table.
| | 00:53 | Once again I'll launch the Move command, and
at the Select objects prompt, I'll type p
| | 00:58 | and press Enter, this reselects my chair.
| | 01:01 | I will then press Enter
again to finish my selection.
| | 01:05 | I'll pick the chair up from the middle of the
front and I'm going to come down and lock the Ortho.
| | 01:10 | I will then pull the chair straightaway.
| | 01:13 | I'll type 6 and press Enter.
| | 01:15 | This positions the chair 6 inches
away from the edge of the table.
| | 01:19 | Now that my chair is in position, I would like to
copy this chair around the outside of the table.
| | 01:25 | To do that, I'll come up to the Modify panel and
I'll open the Array menu and I'll choose Polar Array.
| | 01:31 | Polar Array allows us to
create rotated copies.
| | 01:35 | I will then select the objects
I'd like to array and press Enter.
| | 01:39 | I will then grab the center point of the array
that will be the center of the table and when
| | 01:44 | I do, you can instantly see the copies.
| | 01:47 | Also notice that we have
a new tab in the Ribbon.
| | 01:50 | This is a context-sensitive tab that
contains all of the Polar Array settings.
| | 01:55 | For instance, if I come up to the Items panel, I can
use this to adjust the number of chairs that I have.
| | 02:01 | For instance, what would four chairs
look like? I'll type 4 and press Enter.
| | 02:06 | Maybe I'd like to see what
eight chairs would look like.
| | 02:10 | In addition to adjusting the number of chairs,
I can control the angle between the chairs
| | 02:14 | or the total angle that I am filling.
| | 02:17 | If I come over to the Rows panel,
I can create additional rows.
| | 02:21 | Let's change this from 1 to 2.
| | 02:24 | You can see where we are going there.
| | 02:25 | I can also adjust the distance between the
rows or the total distance between the front
| | 02:30 | and the back row.
| | 02:31 | I am going to change the rows back
to 1 and let's talk about levels.
| | 02:36 | If we wanted to get crazy about this, we
could start creating additional levels.
| | 02:40 | This would be copying the geometry in 3D
space and this is beyond our scope right now.
| | 02:46 | Let's say that the settings that I
have currently work fine for what I need.
| | 02:50 | What I am going to do is come down
and click the X to close the array.
| | 02:53 | I will then center this a
little better on screen.
| | 02:57 | As you can see creating
rotated copies is extremely easy.
| | 03:00 | Here's the best part.
| | 03:02 | Rotated copies are also very easy to edit.
| | 03:05 | If I select one of these chairs, notice the
computer remembers this is a rotational array.
| | 03:09 | I now have access to all of my settings.
| | 03:12 | Let's make a change.
| | 03:13 | I am going to come down to the
Options panel and I'll choose Edit Source.
| | 03:18 | This allows me to update the geometry of one
of my objects, and in turn, all of the copies
| | 03:23 | will also be updated.
| | 03:25 | I'll select the chair I'd like
to change and I'll click OK.
| | 03:29 | I'll zoom in on that geometry.
| | 03:32 | I'd like to make a simple change.
| | 03:33 | I am just going to select the back rest.
| | 03:36 | And then I'll click this grip in the
middle and I'll pull it straightaway.
| | 03:40 | I'll type 3 and hit Enter, and you can
see that change was applied to the copies.
| | 03:46 | To finish my edits, I am going to come over
to the Edit Array panel and I'll choose Save
| | 03:51 | Changes or Discard Changes,
depending on what I want to do.
| | 03:55 | I'm going to choose Save Changes and you
can see that my modification has been applied
| | 04:00 | to all the copies.
| | 04:02 | Let's make another change.
| | 04:03 | I'll select a chair.
| | 04:05 | This time I am going to
come up and choose Base Point.
| | 04:08 | The Base Point represents the
insertion point of the chairs.
| | 04:12 | You can see that Base Point
is highlighted by this grip.
| | 04:15 | Currently the Base Point is at the middle of the
seat, which doesn't have much geometric value.
| | 04:20 | I'm going to choose Base Point and I'll move
the Base Point from the middle of the seat,
| | 04:25 | to the middle of the front edge.
| | 04:27 | As you can see the chairs haven't
moved, only the Base Point has.
| | 04:31 | Now that I have adjusted the Base Point, I'm
going to come over and choose Replace Item.
| | 04:35 | This allows me to swap out objects
in my array with alternate geometry.
| | 04:41 | I'll select this chair as my
replacement objects and I'll press Enter.
| | 04:46 | Now I need to identify the
Base Point of the replacement.
| | 04:49 | Well, since the Base Point of the originals
is the middle of the front edge, the Base
| | 04:53 | Point of my replacement will be Shift+Right-Click,
the Quadrant at the front edge of this chair.
| | 05:01 | I can then Select the objects in my array
that I'd like to swap out with the alternate,
| | 05:06 | and since they all share the same Base Point, they
are all the same distance away from the table.
| | 05:10 | When I am finished, I'll press Enter and then Enter
again, and then I'll click the X to close the array.
| | 05:17 | Let's say after making that change, I'd
like to put this back the way it was.
| | 05:22 | I'd like all these chairs to be identical.
| | 05:24 | To do that, I'll select the Array and I'll
come up and choose Reset and AutoCAD will
| | 05:30 | remove the alternate objects.
| | 05:32 | Finally, I'll come over and
click the X to close the array.
| | 05:36 | As you can see, if you need to copy objects
in a rotated pattern, Polar Array is the best
| | 05:40 | tool for the job.
| | 05:42 | Its dynamic properties and intuitive workflow
make it very easy to create and edit rotated
| | 05:47 | copies.
| | 05:49 |
| | Collapse this transcript |
| Creating a rectangular array| 00:00 | As powerful as the Polar Array command is,
it represents only one type of array that
| | 00:04 | we can create in AutoCAD, there is another.
| | 00:08 | In this lesson we are going
to create a rectangular array.
| | 00:11 | A rectangular array is perfect when you need to
create copies in a pattern of columns and rows.
| | 00:16 | On my screen, I have a drawing
that represents a banquet hall.
| | 00:20 | If I zoom in, in the lower left corner, you can see
that I have drawn a table and a series of chairs.
| | 00:26 | As a side note, if I select one of these chairs, you
can see that they were created using a Polar Array.
| | 00:31 | I am going to press Escape to deselect
these and then I will zoom back out.
| | 00:37 | I would like to fill this
room with tables and chairs.
| | 00:40 | To do that, I will come up to the Modify
panel and I will open the Array menu and I will
| | 00:44 | choose Rectangular Array.
| | 00:46 | Note that I could also launch
the command by clicking this icon.
| | 00:50 | After launching Array, I will select my
table and chairs and I will press Enter.
| | 00:56 | And you can see that AutoCAD has
created a default array for me.
| | 01:00 | Also notice that I have a context sensitive
Ribbon tab giving me all of the Settings that
| | 01:04 | I need for my rectangular array.
| | 01:07 | It looks like, I have 4 columns currently,
I can probably fit a few more I am going to
| | 01:12 | come up to the Columns panel and I will
change this to 8 and then I will press Enter.
| | 01:17 | That is obviously going to be too many.
| | 01:19 | Let me change it to 7 and I
will press Enter, still too many.
| | 01:24 | Rather than changing the number up here, take a
look at these Grips that I have on the array.
| | 01:28 | I am going to come down and
hover over this one on the end.
| | 01:32 | You can see that that it
controls the number of columns.
| | 01:34 | If I click to select this, I can drag back and
forth and adjust the number of columns visually.
| | 01:41 | I am going to drag it out to 6 and
I will click to save that setting.
| | 01:45 | I will then come back to the Columns panel
and I am going to change the distance between
| | 01:49 | the Columns. I am going to change this to
10' and then I will press Enter. That is the
| | 01:55 | center to center distance, not necessarily
the walking distance between the tables.
| | 02:00 | As far as rows are concerned, it
looks like 3 is going to work just fine.
| | 02:04 | Let's change the distance between the rows
to 10' and with respect to Levels, I am not
| | 02:09 | going to mess with these.
| | 02:11 | Levels allow me to create my array vertically in 3D
space, which is not what I want to do right now.
| | 02:17 | At this point these settings look okay.
| | 02:19 | I am going to come up and
click the X to close the array.
| | 02:23 | As I look at this, everything looks
pretty good until get down to the right side.
| | 02:27 | It looks like these tables are a little too
close to the buffet station and the snack
| | 02:31 | and beverage station.
| | 02:33 | Wouldn't it be nice if I had individual control
over the components of the array? Actually I do.
| | 02:39 | The trick is to hold down the Ctrl key.
| | 02:42 | If I hold Ctrl, I can select
a single item in the array.
| | 02:46 | If I wanted to get rid of this,
I could press the Delete key.
| | 02:49 | Now that I removed this table I would like
to move these two tables down 5' to center
| | 02:54 | them in the space.
| | 02:56 | I will hold Ctrl and select this table and
this one, I will then come up and launch the
| | 03:01 | Move command, and I like to move these tables from the
center, I will pull down, and I will lock my Ortho.
| | 03:07 | I will pull this down 5', Enter.
| | 03:12 | Even though I have made independent changes
to these objects, if I click the array, you
| | 03:17 | can see that they are all still
considered to be part of the group.
| | 03:20 | Take a look at the
Context Sensitive Ribbon Tab.
| | 03:23 | Note that we have many of the same editing
options that we have with the Polar Array.
| | 03:27 | I can change the Base Point, I could
Replace an item if I wanted to, I could Reset the
| | 03:32 | Array back to its original Settings.
| | 03:35 | I am going to choose Edit Source and I will zoom in
and select one of these tables and then I'll click OK.
| | 03:43 | Maybe I'd like each
table to have eight chairs.
| | 03:45 | Well if I select this geometry, notice that I can
edit a Polar Array inside a Rectangular Array.
| | 03:52 | The only thing I have to do is find the
settings, notice they do not show up on the Ribbon.
| | 03:57 | If however I come over to the Properties palette,
if we look at the top we can see the AutoCAD
| | 04:01 | has found 2 Objects.
| | 04:03 | I will open the menu and I
will choose the Polar Array.
| | 04:06 | I will then grab this slider and drag this
down, and right here I can adjust any of my
| | 04:11 | Polar Array settings.
| | 04:13 | I will change the number of items to 8 and press
Enter. I will then press Escape when I am finished.
| | 04:19 | I will come up to the Edit Array panel and I will
choose Save Changes to save the rectangular array.
| | 04:26 | I will then back up, and
center the geometry on screen.
| | 04:30 | Now that I have increased the number of
chairs and I have a little extra room on the right
| | 04:34 | side of the room,
| | 04:34 | I would like to increase
this space between my columns.
| | 04:38 | To do that I will select the Array, and I
will come up and change the distance between to
| | 04:42 | be 10' 6" and it looks like this array will
work perfectly, I will come down and click
| | 04:49 | the X to close it.
| | 04:51 | So the next time you need to copy objects into
a Grid like Pattern, try using the Rectangular
| | 04:56 | Array command, its dynamic properties and
the ease of editing make it a much better
| | 05:00 | choice than creating these copies manually.
| | 05:04 |
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| Stretching elements| 00:00 | When a design changes, you may be tempted
to erase your line work and start over.
| | 00:05 | Most of the time though
erasing isn't necessary.
| | 00:07 | It can actually be faster to edit
the geometry that you already have.
| | 00:11 | In this lesson, we are going to
look at the Stretch command.
| | 00:14 | Stretch allows us to modify geometry by
pushing and pulling it into any shape we need.
| | 00:19 | On my screen I have an abstract example.
| | 00:22 | I've got a shape that's 39" wide, it has a 5" notch
that's been cut into it, 14" from the right side.
| | 00:31 | Let's say that I would like to add 3"
to the right side of this object.
| | 00:35 | Well, rather than offsetting and extending
and trimming, it would be much faster to come
| | 00:39 | up to the Modify panel and
launch the Stretch command.
| | 00:43 | The trick to using Stretch is selecting
your objects using a crossing window.
| | 00:47 | I am going to click down here to lower right
and I will pull up and create a crossing window
| | 00:53 | around the endpoints that I want to move.
| | 00:56 | Essentially, the Stretch
command is an endpoint mover.
| | 00:59 | I will click to finish my window.
| | 01:01 | I will press Enter when I'm finished, and
I'll pick this geometry up from the lower right
| | 01:05 | corner, and as I move my cursor, you can see I am
stretching or moving those selected endpoints.
| | 01:12 | To make this accurate, I want to turn my Ortho on
and I will pull to the right and type 3", Enter.
| | 01:21 | Let's make another change.
| | 01:23 | Currently this notch is 17" away from the
right side; maybe I would like it to be 21" away.
| | 01:29 | So I have to add 4".
| | 01:31 | I will go back to the Stretch command, I will
create a crossing selection around the endpoints
| | 01:37 | that I want to move.
| | 01:38 | I will press Enter when I am finished, I
will pick this geometry up from the lower left
| | 01:43 | corner of the notch, I will pull
to the left and type 4", Enter.
| | 01:49 | Let's make one more change.
| | 01:50 | I would like to change the width
of the notch, currently it's 5".
| | 01:53 | Maybe I would like this to be 3" wide.
| | 01:57 | Once again, I will launch the Stretch command and
I'm going to apply the changes to the left side.
| | 02:02 | So I will create a crossing
window around those two endpoints.
| | 02:06 | I will pick the geometry up from the lower
left corner of the notch and I will pull this
| | 02:10 | to the right, and as I pull, I am
being mindful of the running objects snap.
| | 02:15 | Notice that AutoCAD is
currently looking at that endpoint.
| | 02:18 | I am going to type 2" and press
Enter and notice that nothing happens.
| | 02:24 | That's because that running objects snap is more
important than the number that I just typed in.
| | 02:28 | In order to make this stretch work, I need to
move my cursor up slightly, so that AutoCAD
| | 02:33 | can't see that endpoint anymore.
| | 02:34 | I will type 2" and I will press Enter.
| | 02:38 | Now that we understand how the Stretch command
works, let's try and use it in a practical example.
| | 02:44 | This geometry represents a small coffee table.
| | 02:47 | Currently, the table measures 42" wide.
| | 02:50 | Let's say I'd like to make it 48" wide.
| | 02:53 | Since it's symmetrical,
let's add 3" to either side.
| | 02:56 | I will launch the Stretch command and I am
going to create a crossing window around all
| | 03:02 | of these endpoints.
| | 03:03 | I will press Enter when I am finished, I will
pick the geometry up from this endpoint and
| | 03:08 | I will pull to the left and type 3".
| | 03:10 | I will press the spacebar to go back into
the Stretch command. I will grab the endpoints
| | 03:16 | on this side, I am being mindful
not to include the end of the drawer.
| | 03:19 | I don't want to stretch that geometry.
| | 03:22 | When it comes to picking a point to stretch
your geometry, really, you don't have to pick
| | 03:26 | a point on the object itself, I could pick a point
and space here; pull to the right and type 3".
| | 03:34 | Let's change one more thing.
| | 03:34 | I would like to apply a taper to the legs.
| | 03:37 | I would like to take an inch off the
bottom and add 2" to the top of each leg.
| | 03:42 | I will launch Stretch and I
will select this endpoint.
| | 03:46 | I will grab it from the endpoint
here and I will pull to the right 2".
| | 03:53 | I will then press the spacebar to
go right back into the command.
| | 03:55 | I will grab this endpoint and I am going to
pick it up from a point and space, this way
| | 04:00 | my running objects snaps don't get in the way,
I will pull to the left and I will type 1".
| | 04:05 | I will press the spacebar
to go back into the command.
| | 04:08 | One more time we will pull this leg
out 2" and I will push this leg in 1".
| | 04:19 | As you can see the Stretch command is
one of the fastest ways to edit a drawing.
| | 04:23 | It allows us to easily modify our
geometry and avoid a lot of unnecessary erasing.
| | 04:28 |
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| Creating mirrored copies| 00:00 | In the lesson, we are going to learn how to cut
our work into half, or double our productivity;
| | 00:05 | however you want to look at it.
| | 00:07 | Specifically we'll be
talking about the Mirror command.
| | 00:10 | Mirror is another tool that
allows us to copy geometry.
| | 00:13 | These copies are special though, in that
they are a reflection of the original.
| | 00:17 | On my screen I've drawn one half
of a car, this car is symmetrical.
| | 00:22 | I've also drawn the
centerline or my line of symmetry.
| | 00:27 | Mirror is a great tool to use
anytime you have symmetrical geometry,
| | 00:30 | because you only have to draw one side,
mirror will produce the other side for you.
| | 00:35 | To finish my car, I going to come up to the
Modify panel and launch the Mirror command.
| | 00:40 | I will then select the
geometry I'd like to copy, or mirror.
| | 00:44 | I will press Enter when I'm finished.
| | 00:47 | Now I need to identify two points on
my line of symmetry or my mirror line.
| | 00:52 | I'll grab the endpoint on the right side of
my line, and then I'll come over and grab
| | 00:57 | the endpoint on the left.
| | 00:58 | Finally, do you want to delete the
source objects? You don't have to keep them.
| | 01:02 | I am going to press Enter to accept the default,
because I like to keep my original geometry,
| | 01:08 | and you can see my car is finished.
| | 01:10 | As you can see the whole trick to using the
Mirror command is identifying two points on
| | 01:14 | that line of symmetry.
| | 01:16 | Now that we understand how mirror works,
let's try and use it in a practical example.
| | 01:20 | I am going to zoom out and
I'll pan the drawing up.
| | 01:25 | On my screen I have a
drawing of a small hotel room.
| | 01:28 | I am going to zoom in on
the bedroom area first.
| | 01:32 | Over here on the left side of the bed
I've drawn a nightstand and a lamp.
| | 01:36 | I'd like to create a copy of this
geometry on the right side of the bed.
| | 01:40 | This is a perfect opportunity to use Mirror.
| | 01:43 | I'll come up and launch the Mirror command, and
I'll use a Window selection to select my geometry.
| | 01:49 | I'll press Enter when I am finished.
| | 01:51 | I don't have a physical line
that represents my mirror line.
| | 01:55 | I actually don't need one I
can grab the Object Snaps.
| | 01:59 | My mirror line can be identified by grabbing
the midpoint at the foot of the bed, and the
| | 02:04 | midpoint at the top of the bed.
| | 02:06 | I'll press Enter when I'm finished, and you
can see I've created a perfect reflected copy.
| | 02:11 | Let's take the concept even further.
| | 02:13 | I am going to Zoom out, since this geometry
is part of a hotel floor plan, chances are
| | 02:20 | the room to the south of this one is
a mirrored copy of the original room.
| | 02:25 | Let's use the Mirror command
to create the adjoining room.
| | 02:28 | First thing I'm going to do is create
my mirror line or my line of symmetry.
| | 02:33 | That line will run right down
the middle of the south wall.
| | 02:37 | To make this visual, I'm
going to draw that line.
| | 02:40 | I'll do that by launching the Line command,
and I'm going to create my line from the middle
| | 02:44 | of this wall, I will then lock my Ortho, and
I'll pull the line out the east side of the room.
| | 02:52 | When I am finished I will press Escape.
| | 02:55 | Now I would like this line to run
all the way through the floor plan.
| | 02:58 | So I'm going to select the line I just drew,
I will then hover over this grip on the left
| | 03:03 | side and I'll choose Lengthen.
| | 03:06 | And I will drag this line out
to the west side of the room.
| | 03:10 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 03:13 | Let's do one more thing, when I mirror this
geometry, I don't need any of this geometry
| | 03:17 | to the south of my mirror line.
| | 03:20 | So we'll trim it off.
| | 03:22 | To do that I'll launch the Trim command,
I'll select my mirror line as my cutting object
| | 03:26 | and press Enter, and I'd like to trim
this line work, and this line work.
| | 03:33 | When I am finished I'll press Escape.
| | 03:36 | Now let's zoom out, and
we'll create the room next door.
| | 03:40 | I'll launch the Mirror command, and I'll
select the floor plan, I'll press Enter when I am
| | 03:45 | finished, I would then select the endpoint
on the right side of my mirror line, and I'll
| | 03:49 | come over and select the
endpoint on the left side.
| | 03:53 | And I'll press Enter to
keep the original objects.
| | 03:56 | Finally, I don't need this centerline anymore,
so I'll select this and press Delete to remove
| | 04:02 | it from the drawing.
| | 04:04 | Anytime you are working with symmetrical
geometry, consider using the Mirror command.
| | 04:08 | When used properly, it can quite
literally cut your work in half.
| | 04:12 |
| | Collapse this transcript |
| Scaling elements| 00:00 | If you've ever used a copy machine to enlarge
or reduce a photograph, you already know how
| | 00:05 | the Scale command works.
| | 00:07 | Scale allows us to make our geometry larger
or smaller by multiplying its current size
| | 00:11 | by a scale factor.
| | 00:13 | In this lesson, we'll look at the
workflow behind the Scale command.
| | 00:16 | On my screen, I have three
equally sized stop signs.
| | 00:21 | Let's say that I'd like to resize this sign on
the left, such that it's half its current size.
| | 00:27 | To do that, I'll use the Scale command.
| | 00:29 | Scale can be found in the
Modify panel of the Ribbon.
| | 00:33 | After launching the command, I'll select
the geometry I want to scale and press Enter.
| | 00:38 | Then I will choose a Base Point.
| | 00:40 | The Base Point is the point at which the
geometry is going to get larger or smaller.
| | 00:45 | I'm going to select an endpoint
down here at the bottom of the pole.
| | 00:49 | As I move my cursor, you can see our geometry is
getting larger or smaller relative to that point.
| | 00:56 | Since I want the geometry to be half its
current size, I am going to use a scale factor of
| | 01:00 | .5 and I'll press Enter.
| | 01:03 | Let's make another change.
| | 01:05 | This time I'd like to make the head of the
sign on the right side twice its current size.
| | 01:10 | I will press the spacebar to
go back into the Scale command.
| | 01:15 | I'll select the geometry that
represents the head of the sign.
| | 01:19 | For my Base Point, I'm going to grab the
Midpoint at the bottom of the sign, and since I want
| | 01:25 | this to be twice its current size, I'll
use a scale factor of 2 and press Enter.
| | 01:31 | As you can see, the Scale command makes
it very easy to resize your geometry.
| | 01:36 | Now that we understand the basics of this tool,
let's try and use it in a practical example.
| | 01:41 | We'll use it to convert geometry
between two different drawing units.
| | 01:45 | I am going to start by closing this drawing.
| | 01:48 | I won't save changes.
| | 01:50 | I'll come up and launch the Open command.
| | 01:53 | I'd like to open these two drawings;
number 07_balls, and number 07_pool_table.
| | 01:58 | I'll do that by selecting one of the drawings.
| | 02:00 | I will then hold my Shift
key and grab the other.
| | 02:03 | And I'll click Open.
| | 02:06 | Once both drawings are open in the interface,
I'll come up to the View tab, and then I'll
| | 02:10 | come down and open the User
Interface panel and choose Tile Vertically.
| | 02:15 | This allows me to view
the drawing side-by-side.
| | 02:18 | I will then click in each window, and I'll
zoom out and center the geometry onscreen.
| | 02:24 | These drawings were created
with different drawing units.
| | 02:28 | The drawing on the left was
created using millimeters.
| | 02:30 | I can see that this ball has
a diameter of 57 millimeters.
| | 02:34 | The drawing on the right
was created using inches.
| | 02:37 | This pool table is 108" long x 54" wide.
| | 02:42 | I'd like to move the pool ball
geometry into the table drawing.
| | 02:46 | I'll start by clicking to put the focus on
the table drawing, and then I'll zoom out
| | 02:51 | and I'll pan this geometry
down to give myself some room.
| | 02:55 | I will then click in the ball
drawing and I'll select this geometry.
| | 03:00 | Once it's selected, I will click and hold
on the edge of one of the objects and I'll
| | 03:05 | drag this geometry into the other file.
| | 03:07 | And you can see that
it's coming in way too big.
| | 03:10 | That's because AutoCAD only sees units.
| | 03:13 | This ball has a diameter of 57.
| | 03:16 | When I dragged it over, it
still has a diameter of 57.
| | 03:19 | It's just 57" in this file.
| | 03:22 | So we need to scale this geometry down.
There are 25.4 millimeters in an inch.
| | 03:28 | So these balls are 25.4 times
larger than they need to be.
| | 03:32 | That means that our scale
factor is going to be 1/25.4.
| | 03:37 | I am going to go back to the Home tab.
| | 03:39 | I'll launch the Scale command.
| | 03:42 | I'll select the balls and press Enter.
| | 03:45 | For my Base Point, I am going to
grab the center of the 9 ball.
| | 03:49 | Now for my scale factor, I don't know
what the decimal value is for 1/25.4.
| | 03:54 | What I am going to do is type
'cal and I'll press Enter.
| | 04:00 | This gives me access to AutoCAD's calculator
and I can use it to find the value for me.
| | 04:05 | I'll type 1/25.4 and press Enter, and
you can see those balls are now resized.
| | 04:13 | I am going to click the Maximize
button to maximize this drawing on screen.
| | 04:17 | I will then launch the Move command and at the Select
objects prompt, I am going to type P for previous.
| | 04:23 | To reselect those balls, I'll press Enter
when I'm finished and I'll pick them up from
| | 04:28 | one of the object snaps, and
drag them down under the table.
| | 04:33 | And you can see that they are
perfectly sized in this drawing.
| | 04:35 | In fact, if we click on one of the balls,
we can grab this grip and verify that they
| | 04:40 | will fit into the pockets.
| | 04:42 | So the next time, you have to resize
your geometry, try using the Scale command.
| | 04:47 | In addition to making arbitrary size changes,
it's also the perfect tool for converting
| | 04:51 | between drawing units.
| | 04:53 |
| | Collapse this transcript |
| Leveraging grips| 00:00 | In this lesson we're going to look at the most
versatile tool AutoCAD has. I'm speaking about Grips.
| | 00:06 | Grips have been around since the earliest
days of the software, and with each new release
| | 00:10 | they continue to get additional features.
| | 00:12 | In fact, using this one tool, we can do almost
all of the editing functions that we've talked
| | 00:17 | about so far, let's take a look.
| | 00:20 | First of all, let me say
that grips are everywhere.
| | 00:23 | If I select this geometry, take a look at all
of these little blue squares, these are grips.
| | 00:28 | Each of these grips represents a
point of control you have over an object.
| | 00:33 | Typically, they show up at the
location of the Object Snaps.
| | 00:36 | If you press the Escape key, you'll
deselect the objects and clear the grips.
| | 00:42 | Let's start by zooming in on
this line in the upper left corner.
| | 00:45 | I'll click to select it and you can see the grips
are showing up at the endpoints and the midpoint.
| | 00:50 | I'm going to hover over
this grip on the right side.
| | 00:54 | When I do, you can see AutoCAD is giving me
some dimensional information about this object.
| | 00:58 | That's because my Dynamic Input is turned on.
| | 01:01 | If your Dynamic Input is not turned on,
you can press F12 to toggle that value.
| | 01:07 | Having Dynamic Input turned off will
disable some of the grip functionality.
| | 01:11 | Let's pan this over, I'll click to select
this circle and I'll hover over the grip on
| | 01:15 | the right side. I can see
this circle has a radius of 10.
| | 01:20 | If I pan this up, and select the arc, and hover
over the Grip in the middle, I can see this
| | 01:25 | arc has a radius of 25.5597.
| | 01:29 | We can use grips to query our geometry, we
don't always have to select it and go over
| | 01:33 | to the Properties palette
to see this information.
| | 01:36 | I'm going to press Escape to deselect these
objects and let's come back to the line segment.
| | 01:42 | I'll select this again, and then instead of
hovering over this grip on the right side,
| | 01:47 | I'm going to click to select it.
| | 01:49 | This makes the grip hot, and when the grip is
hot, I have access to those dimensional values.
| | 01:54 | I can jump from one value to the
other by pressing the Tab key.
| | 01:58 | If I press Tab, this value represents the
overall length of the line, press Tab again,
| | 02:04 | this one represents the
overall angle of the line.
| | 02:07 | If I press Tab again, I can adjust the
amount I'd like to change the angle.
| | 02:12 | And if I press Tab again, this setting
allows me to adjust the amount I'd like to change
| | 02:17 | the overall length.
| | 02:19 | If I wanted to make this line segment 10
units long, I'll press Tab to get to the overall
| | 02:23 | length, I'll type 10 and press Enter,
and this line is now 10 units long.
| | 02:29 | I can do this same thing with nearly any
grip where I can see a dimensional value.
| | 02:34 | I am going to pan back over to the circle,
I'll select it and then I'll click this grip
| | 02:40 | on the right side.
| | 02:42 | This value controls the overall radius, if
I press Tab, this value controls the amount
| | 02:47 | I'd like to change the radius, and
I'll give this circle a radius of 8.
| | 02:52 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 02:55 | Let's pan back over to the line.
| | 02:56 | I am going to select this one more time, I
will then come down and click to make this
| | 03:01 | grip hot, and then I'll move my cursor.
| | 03:05 | Notice I am getting the rubber band effect,
this is because I'm in the Stretch command,
| | 03:09 | we can see that down here at the command line.
| | 03:11 | I am stretching this line
from this grip location.
| | 03:15 | If I right-click I am not
restricted to Stretch only.
| | 03:19 | I could select Move; I am now
moving this object from that point.
| | 03:23 | If I right-click, I can choose Rotate, I am
now rotating this object from that point.
| | 03:29 | Right-click again, I can also
Scale or Mirror the object.
| | 03:33 | Generally speaking, you'll find a lot of
the major editing tools in this grip menu.
| | 03:38 | Using these tools, we can quickly sketch
geometry or correct poorly drawn geometry.
| | 03:42 | I am going to come down and choose Exit
and then I'll press Escape to deselect my line.
| | 03:48 | I will then zoom out and
will pan the drawing up.
| | 03:51 | On my screen I have a
series of lines and circles.
| | 03:55 | Let's say that these lines should have been drawn
such that they connect the centers of all the circles.
| | 04:00 | To correct the geometry, I can click a line
segment, grab the grip on one of the ends,
| | 04:06 | and use my running Object Snap to
snap it to the center of the circle.
| | 04:10 | I can do the same thing for the other side.
| | 04:12 | When I am finished I'll press Escape.
| | 04:15 | What if my running Objects Snap was
turned off? I can still fix this geometry.
| | 04:20 | If I select everything, I get access to all
the grips; remember the grips show up at the
| | 04:25 | Objects Snap locations.
| | 04:26 | I am going to start with this line on the
left side; I'll click the grip at the top,
| | 04:32 | and then as I get this close to the center of
the circle, notice it snaps right to that grip.
| | 04:36 | These grips are kind of like little magnets.
| | 04:40 | Using the same workflow, I can
quickly correct all of this geometry.
| | 04:44 | And when I am finished I'll press the Escape key.
| | 04:47 | I am going to zoom out a little, I'll pan
the drawing over; here I have some hatch.
| | 04:54 | If I select the hatch you'll
see a large grip in the center.
| | 04:57 | Another nice feature that you'll find with
grips is that if you hover or them, occasionally
| | 05:03 | you'll get a menu with some additional tools.
| | 05:05 | Notice that I can adjust the Origin Point,
Hatch Angle and Hatch Scale of this pattern
| | 05:10 | without having to use the
Context Sensitive Ribbon.
| | 05:13 | Currently this pattern has an angle of 0,
I am going to choose Hatch Angle and I'll
| | 05:18 | give it a rotation of 45.
| | 05:20 | I will then hover over the grip again and I'm going
to change the Hatch Scale, currently it measures 15.
| | 05:27 | I'd like to make it twice as big,
so I'll change the value to 30.
| | 05:31 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 05:34 | Let's pan this down.
| | 05:36 | Grips are also incorporated into Arrays.
| | 05:39 | If I select one of these objects,
we can see even more grips.
| | 05:42 | I'll hover over the grip on the top.
| | 05:45 | Notice all the options that we have.
| | 05:47 | I'm going to change the Fill Angle,
let's change it from 360 to 180.
| | 05:53 | I will then hover over
this grip on the bottom.
| | 05:56 | I'm going to change the Item Count to 8 and
then I'll hover over the grip again and I'll
| | 06:01 | change the Fill Angle back to 360.
| | 06:05 | Never once did I have to
touch the options in the Ribbon.
| | 06:08 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 06:10 | Now that we understand how the Grips feature
works, let's try and use it in a practical example.
| | 06:14 | I am going to zoom out and I'll
pan the drawing over to the left.
| | 06:18 | On my screen I have a rectangle, let's use
this as the basis for creating a symbol that
| | 06:24 | represents a queen sized bed.
| | 06:27 | If I select the rectangle and hover over this
grip in the corner, I can see it measures 76x80.
| | 06:33 | Those are actually the
dimensions of a king size bed.
| | 06:36 | A queen size bed measures 60x80.
| | 06:39 | So to change the dimensions I am going to
click to select this grip and I'll change
| | 06:43 | the overall width to 60 and I'll press Enter.
| | 06:46 | I will then click the grip on the top, I'll
press my Tab key to get to the overall width
| | 06:52 | and I'll change this to 60, I'll press Enter
and then I'll press Escape when I'm finished.
| | 06:57 | Next I'd like to create a pillow.
| | 07:00 | I'll do that by launching the Rectangle Command, and I'll
draw a pillow off to the side of the bed. Let's zoom in.
| | 07:07 | Now this pillow has got some significantly hard
edges, I'd like to round these off a little bit.
| | 07:12 | To do that I'll select the rectangle and
I'll hover over this grip at the top middle and
| | 07:17 | I'll choose Convert to Arc and
I'll pull this up a little bit.
| | 07:22 | I'll do the same thing
with the grip on the bottom.
| | 07:25 | Now that I have one pillow finished, I'll
use the grips to create a mirrored copy.
| | 07:30 | Since the object is already selected, I'll
click this grip in the upper right corner
| | 07:34 | to make it hot, I will then right-click
and I'll choose Mirror from the menu.
| | 07:39 | One thing to remember when you're using
Mirror with Grips, by default you are not able to
| | 07:44 | keep your original object.
| | 07:46 | So I am going to come down and choose Copy
to make sure that doesn't happen, and then
| | 07:50 | I'm going to click the grip in the lower
right corner to finish my mirror line.
| | 07:55 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape a
couple of times to deselect my objects.
| | 07:59 | Let's zoom out and I'd like to use the Grips
option to move these pillows into position.
| | 08:04 | I'll do that by selecting the objects, I'll
click this grip at the top middle, I'll right-click
| | 08:10 | and choose Move from the menu. I am now
moving this geometry from that location.
| | 08:15 | Where do I want to place it? I'm going to
type TK and then I'll come down and turn my
| | 08:20 | running Object Snap back on and I'll grab
the midpoint of the top of the bed, I'll pull
| | 08:27 | straight down 3", I'll press Enter
and then I'll press Enter again.
| | 08:32 | When I'm finished I'll press Escape.
| | 08:35 | Let's pan this back to the middle, and we'll
create some line work that represents the bedding.
| | 08:39 | I'll launch the Line command and I'd like
to draw my line from Shift+Right-Click, I'll
| | 08:45 | choose the nearest Object Snap, this ensures
that I am grabbing a point along this left edge.
| | 08:51 | I'd like to draw this line to Shift+Right-Click,
Nearest, and I'll click a point right about
| | 08:57 | here on the right side.
| | 08:59 | When I am finished I'll press Escape.
| | 09:01 | Now I'd like to create a copy of this line.
| | 09:03 | I can do that using grips, I'll click the line
segment and I'll grab the grip on the far right side.
| | 09:10 | I will then right-click and choose Copy from
the menu, and I'll create my copy right here.
| | 09:16 | I'll press Escape when I'm finished.
| | 09:18 | Finally, I'll close off this segment, using
the Line command; I'll draw my line from the
| | 09:23 | endpoint here till the endpoint here.
| | 09:27 | Let's zoom out, and finally I'd like to rotate this
geometry such that it fits nicer on the screen.
| | 09:33 | To rotate it using grips, I'll select all
of the geometry, I'll click this grip in the
| | 09:38 | middle and I'll right-click.
| | 09:40 | I'll choose Rotate and
then I'll type 90 degrees.
| | 09:45 | At this point we've only scratched
the surface with respect to grips.
| | 09:49 | Having an understanding of how this tool
works gives you a head start with larger concepts
| | 09:53 | like dynamic blocks, parametric editing and
3D modeling where grips are a major component.
| | 09:59 | From this point on, whenever you see a grip,
hover over it, select it, see what it can
| | 10:04 | do, you might be surprised at what you'll find.
| | 10:07 |
| | Collapse this transcript |
| Exploding elements| 00:00 | In this lesson, we're going to look at a command
that sounds more dangerous than it really is.
| | 00:04 | The command I'm talking
about is called Explode.
| | 00:08 | Explode will convert a group of associated
objects back into their individual components.
| | 00:12 | On my screen, I have several objects.
| | 00:15 | This entity on the left is a Polyline.
| | 00:17 | This was created using the Rectangle command.
| | 00:20 | If I select this, you can see
AutoCAD views it as a single object.
| | 00:24 | I'll press Escape to deselect.
| | 00:27 | Let's explode this Polyline.
| | 00:29 | The Explode command can be found
in the Modify panel of the Ribbon.
| | 00:33 | After launching the command, I'll select my
Polyline and press Enter and nothing spectacular
| | 00:38 | happens on screen.
| | 00:40 | If however I attempt to select this again,
you can see that AutoCAD has converted this
| | 00:45 | Polyline back into individual line segments.
| | 00:49 | Take a look at this hatch.
| | 00:50 | If I select this, AutoCAD
views this as a single object.
| | 00:54 | I'm going to move up and launch Explode.
| | 00:57 | I'll select the hatch and press Enter and we
can see that each of these lines has become
| | 01:01 | an individual segment.
| | 01:03 | This is something that you
probably don't want to do very often.
| | 01:07 | I'm going to move over and select one of these
objects on the right and we can see that this
| | 01:11 | geometry was created as a
Rectangular Array. I'll press Escape.
| | 01:16 | I'll launch Explode and I'll select
one of these objects and press Enter.
| | 01:21 | We can see that AutoCAD has converted the
array back into its individual components.
| | 01:27 | At this point, you may be wondering when
would be a good time to explode objects?
| | 01:31 | Well let's pan the drawing up and
we'll use Explode in a practical example.
| | 01:36 | On my screen, I have some geometry that
represents a typical outlet cover plate.
| | 01:41 | I would like to reproduce this drawing.
| | 01:43 | I'll start by launching the Rectangle command
and I'll pick a point towards the bottom of
| | 01:48 | the screen, I will then
select the Dimensions sub-option.
| | 01:53 | My rectangle has a length of 2.75
and a width of 4.5.
| | 02:00 | I will then click on
screen to finish the entity.
| | 02:03 | Now I'd like to offset this top edge
down to create these additional edges.
| | 02:08 | Unfortunately, that's
not going to be possible.
| | 02:10 | If I select this object, you can see
AutoCAD views it as a single entity.
| | 02:15 | To make things easier, I'm going
to launch the Explode command.
| | 02:18 | I will then select the
Polyline and press Enter.
| | 02:22 | Now I can offset any of
these edges individually.
| | 02:26 | I'll launch the Offset command.
| | 02:28 | My first distance will be
1 and I'll press Enter.
| | 02:31 | I'll offset the top edge
down and the bottom edge up.
| | 02:36 | I will then relaunch the Offset command.
| | 02:39 | My next distance will be 1.05, Enter.
| | 02:43 | I'll offset my first offset
down and my second offset up.
| | 02:48 | When I'm finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 02:50 | Next, I'd like to offset this left
edge through the middle of the part.
| | 02:55 | I'm going to launch the Offset command.
| | 02:57 | Rather than entering a distance, I'm going
to come down and select the Through option.
| | 03:02 | I will then select the edge and
offset it through the midpoint of the top.
| | 03:07 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 03:09 | I'm going to create this circle next.
| | 03:11 | We can see it has a Radius of .675.
| | 03:15 | The center of this circle is
located between these two intersections.
| | 03:19 | Now I don't have a running Object Snap set
for intersection, but if I select these lines,
| | 03:24 | you can see the midpoint of the
lines fall at the same location.
| | 03:29 | So I'm going to launch the Circle command and for
the center point I'm going to Shift+Right-Click
| | 03:34 | and I'll choose Mid Between 2 Points.
| | 03:37 | I will then select the midpoint of this
upper line and the midpoint of the lower line.
| | 03:42 | I'll give this circle a radius of .675.
| | 03:46 | Rather than drawing another circle using the
same Object Snaps, why don't we mirror this
| | 03:51 | one? I'll launch the Mirror command, Select
objects, I'll type l for last, that's the
| | 03:57 | last object I drew.
| | 03:58 | I'll press Enter.
| | 04:00 | And the first point on my mirror line
will be the middle of the right side.
| | 04:04 | The second point on the mirror line
will be the middle of the left side.
| | 04:07 | I will then press Enter to finish the command.
| | 04:10 | Now I can trim up the geometry I don't need.
| | 04:13 | I'll launch the Trim command and I'll use
a crossing selection to get this geometry
| | 04:17 | on the right side.
| | 04:19 | I'll press Enter when I'm finished and then
I'll trim off my horizontals on the right,
| | 04:25 | my horizontals on the left, and then I'll
trim off the tops and bottoms of these circles.
| | 04:32 | When I'm finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 04:34 | Finally, I'll create this
circle that represents the hole.
| | 04:37 | We'll launch the Circle command.
| | 04:39 | I'll create the circle from
the midpoint of this line.
| | 04:42 | I'll select Diameter and I'll type .25
and I'll press Enter.
| | 04:47 | Now that I am finished, I no longer need the
centerline, so I'll select it and press Delete
| | 04:53 | to remove it from the drawing.
| | 04:55 | When it comes to the Explode command, it might
not be as spectacular to use as the name would
| | 05:00 | imply, it is however the perfect choice when
you need to convert a collection of objects
| | 05:04 | back into their individual components.
| | 05:07 |
| | Collapse this transcript |
| Joining elements together| 00:00 | In the same way we can break objects apart
using Explode, we can put them back together
| | 00:04 | again using the Join command.
| | 00:07 | In this lesson we'll glue some
entities together using Join.
| | 00:10 | On my screen I have some abstract geometry.
| | 00:12 | We are going to start with
this line segment on the left.
| | 00:17 | I'll move up and launch the Copy command and
I'm going to select this line and I'll copy
| | 00:22 | it from the left endpoint,
to the right endpoint.
| | 00:26 | This gives me two line
segments that are co-linear.
| | 00:29 | I'd like to join these entities together.
| | 00:32 | To do that, I'll use the Join command.
| | 00:34 | Join can be found in the
Modify panel of the Ribbon.
| | 00:37 | We just have to click the arrow to expand
the panel, so we get access to the icon.
| | 00:42 | After launching the command, I will simply
select my line segments and press Enter.
| | 00:47 | And you can see that AutoCAD has
joined these entities into a single line.
| | 00:52 | We can use this same workflow when
dealing with co-linear arcs as well.
| | 00:57 | Over here to the right, I
have a pair of co-linear arcs.
| | 01:00 | I'm going to move up and launch the Join command,
and I'll select these entities and press Enter.
| | 01:06 | And you can see when working with arcs, not
only can you join them into a single arc,
| | 01:10 | you can also close them and
complete a finished circle.
| | 01:14 | Let's do that in this case.
| | 01:15 | I am going to select Yes and create a circle.
| | 01:18 | Now what if the objects are not co-linear,
or maybe they're made up of different types
| | 01:22 | of objects? Over here to the right,
I have a series of lines and arcs.
| | 01:28 | So long as the geometry meets end to end, you
can join it together using the Join command.
| | 01:33 | I am going to move up and launch Join, I'll
select the entities and press Enter, and you
| | 01:39 | can see that AutoCad has
converted these entities into a Polyline.
| | 01:43 | I'm sure you will agree that joining these
entities together makes them much easier to
| | 01:46 | select, which in turn makes
them easier to work with.
| | 01:50 | Especially if you have to
move, rotate, or offset them.
| | 01:53 | Now that we understand how the Join command
works, let's use it in a practical example.
| | 01:58 | I am going to zoom out;
I'll pan the drawing over.
| | 02:01 | On my screen I have a civil engineering example;
this is a drawing of a proposed parking lot.
| | 02:07 | I am going to zoom in on the middle portion of
the lot, and let's take a look at the geometry
| | 02:12 | on the ends of these stalls.
| | 02:15 | This line work
represents the edge of pavement.
| | 02:17 | I'd like to offset this geometry to create the
line work that represents my curb and gutter.
| | 02:22 | I'm sure you'll agree if I offset these
entities now, that's going to be a little tedious,
| | 02:26 | because they're all individual components.
| | 02:29 | Instead, since they all meet end-to-end,
I'm going to join them together first.
| | 02:34 | We will launch the Join command, I'll select
the entities on the left, and as long as I'm
| | 02:39 | at it, I'll select these
entities on the right as well.
| | 02:43 | When I'm finished I'll press Enter.
| | 02:45 | And you can see the AutoCAD has
converted this geometry into two Polylines.
| | 02:49 | Now I'll launch the Offset command, I'll enter my
first distance, that will be 1, which represents
| | 02:55 | 1', and I'll offset each of
these entities to the inside.
| | 03:00 | I will then launch Offset again,
| | 03:03 | I'll use a distance of .5.
| | 03:04 | This will create the back of curb, and I will
offset my initial offsets to the inside as well.
| | 03:12 | When I'm finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 03:14 | This same workflow was used to create all
of the curb and gutter in this drawing.
| | 03:19 | I'm sure you'll agree that using the Join
command is one of the fastest ways to create
| | 03:23 | customized Polylines.
| | 03:25 | Using Join to glue objects together will make
those objects easier to select, which in turn
| | 03:30 | makes them easier to modify when necessary.
| | 03:33 |
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| Editing hatch patterns| 00:00 | After creating what you thought was the perfect
Hatch Pattern, later on you may change your mind.
| | 00:05 | Fortunately, making changes to Hatch is very
easy because the workflow for creating and
| | 00:10 | editing Hatch is identical.
| | 00:12 | Let's take a look.
| | 00:13 | On my screen, I have a drawing
that represents a landscaping plan.
| | 00:17 | Since we are going to be talking about editing
Hatch; I would like to create some Hatch first
| | 00:22 | that way we know how it was created.
| | 00:24 | I would like to Hatch these large trees.
| | 00:27 | To do that, I will launch the Hatch command
and then I will click once inside each tree
| | 00:33 | and I will press Enter to
accept the default pattern.
| | 00:36 | Now that we have some Hatch,
let's make some changes.
| | 00:39 | To edit Hatch, all you have to do is select it.
| | 00:42 | Notice that AutoCAD is viewing all
three of these trees as a single pattern.
| | 00:47 | We can use this to our advantage, because
any settings changes that we make will be
| | 00:50 | applied to each tree.
| | 00:53 | Also notice that when you select the Hatch,
AutoCAD brings up the familiar Hatch Settings.
| | 00:57 | This means that editing Hatch is going to be just
as intuitive as creating it in the first place.
| | 01:02 | For instance, I would like to change the scale
of this pattern, I will drag across this value
| | 01:07 | and change it to 4 and I will press Tab.
| | 01:11 | I can also change the angle of the pattern by
dragging the slider, or entering a new value
| | 01:15 | at the end of the line.
| | 01:17 | I could change the Transparency
of this Hatch if I wanted to.
| | 01:21 | Let's change the color, I will do that by
opening the Color menu, and since these are
| | 01:25 | trees we will make the color green.
| | 01:28 | Maybe I would like to change the pattern.
| | 01:30 | I will come up and click Hatch Pattern and
I am going to select Solid from the menu.
| | 01:36 | When I am finished making
changes, I will press the Escape key.
| | 01:39 | Now the things are certainly looking better,
but you know what, these large green areas
| | 01:43 | look a little bland.
| | 01:45 | Let's apply a Gradient Fill Hatch to these
trees, such that we can simulate sunlight.
| | 01:50 | Once again I will select the Hatch and I will
come up and choose Hatch Pattern, I will then
| | 01:54 | drag down through the Patterns and I am
going to select this one, Gradient Sphere.
| | 02:00 | Try and visualize what
this is going to look like.
| | 02:03 | Notice it doesn't look like you would expect,
that's because AutoCAD is spanning that gradient
| | 02:07 | across all three trees.
| | 02:09 | No problem, if I come up to the Options panel,
I will click this arrow and expand it and
| | 02:15 | I will come down and choose Separate Hatches.
| | 02:18 | This will convert each tree into
its own individual hatch pattern.
| | 02:22 | After this change, the one on the left is the
only one selected. You can see the sunlight
| | 02:26 | appears to be coming
straight down from the top.
| | 02:29 | Let's change this by coming up and clicking
the Centered toggle to turn that value off.
| | 02:35 | Now if I want to adjust the angle of the sunlight,
I can simply drag my Angle slider and adjust
| | 02:40 | the angle of this pattern.
| | 02:42 | Finally, I would like to change the color,
since this is a gradient pattern I have access
| | 02:47 | to the two colors right here.
| | 02:49 | Let's open the upper menu, this represents
the darker color, in this case it's blue.
| | 02:53 | I will come down and choose Select Colors,
and from the Color Selector, I am going to
| | 02:58 | grab color number 96, and I will click OK.
| | 03:03 | When I am finished, I will press Escape.
| | 03:05 | Now this tree looks very good, at this point
I would like to apply the same hatch settings
| | 03:10 | to these remaining two trees.
| | 03:12 | We can do that by selecting
one or both of the trees.
| | 03:15 | I am going to grab both of them, and then
in the hatch settings, I am going to come
| | 03:19 | up and choose Match Properties.
| | 03:21 | This tool allows us to populate these
settings by selecting another hatch pattern.
| | 03:26 | I am going to select this tree and
when I am finished, I will press Escape.
| | 03:31 | As you can see, AutoCAD makes it easy to edit
Hatch; using the familiar Ribbon Tab settings
| | 03:36 | you can quickly dial up the perfect
pattern to accommodate any design need.
| | 03:40 |
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|
|
3. Organizing DrawingsUnderstanding layers| 00:00 | As drawings grow in complexity, it becomes
important to organize them using logical layers.
| | 00:05 | Layers allow us to control the visual properties
of our objects, colors, linetypes, and lineweights,
| | 00:11 | for example, can easily
be applied using layers.
| | 00:14 | Layers also give us control over display,
allowing us to turn objects on and off when
| | 00:18 | we are working or creating plots.
| | 00:21 | In this lesson we are going to
introduce the concept of layers.
| | 00:24 | On my screen I have a drawing that represents
several single-family lots, just for a second,
| | 00:30 | let's assume I created this drawing
using a traditional pencil and paper.
| | 00:34 | Let's also say after I finished the drawing,
I gave it to you and you looked at it and
| | 00:38 | said, you know what, this drawing looks great,
except I'd like to get a copy without all
| | 00:42 | of these dimensions.
| | 00:44 | Well since everything was drawn on the paper,
there is really no easy way I can do this
| | 00:48 | for you without using an
eraser or some whiteout.
| | 00:52 | Now let's imagine that I
created the drawing a different way.
| | 00:55 | What if I drew all of my base geometry on a
sheet of paper and then I laid a clear sheet
| | 01:00 | of plastic over the drawing and I created
all the dimensions on the plastic? Now if
| | 01:05 | you wanted to see the drawing without the
dimensions, we could simply peel back the plastic and
| | 01:09 | the dimensions are gone.
| | 01:11 | That sheet of plastic acts
just like a layer in AutoCAD.
| | 01:15 | Layers allow us to organize and control the
display of our geometry, the drawing that
| | 01:20 | I have on screen has been created using
logical layers, if I come up to the Layers panel and
| | 01:25 | open layer control, we can see
all the layer names right here.
| | 01:30 | Since this menu is sitting on top of my drawing, I
am going to click on screen to close the menu.
| | 01:35 | I will then pan my drawing over to the right.
| | 01:39 | Then I'm going to click and hold on the
name portion of the Layers panel and I'll drag
| | 01:43 | this out into model space.
| | 01:45 | We can do the same thing with any
panel in the ribbon by the way.
| | 01:49 | Now let's say I'd like to see
this drawing without the dimensions.
| | 01:52 | Fortunately, the
dimensions are on their own layer.
| | 01:55 | If I open the Layer control, I'm going to come
down to the lot-dims layer and then I'll come
| | 02:00 | over and click the light bulb
icon to turn that layer off.
| | 02:04 | I will then click on screen to close the menu.
| | 02:06 | And you can see the
dimensions no longer display.
| | 02:09 | To put things back the way they were, I
could open Layer control again and I could click
| | 02:13 | the light bulb to turn the layer back on, or I
am going to click on screen to close this,
| | 02:19 | I could also come up and click the Layer Previous
button; this will restore the previous Layer State.
| | 02:25 | Let's try something else.
| | 02:26 | Maybe I'd like to change the display of this drawing
so I can create a traditional plan of survey plot.
| | 02:32 | To do that I'll need to
turn several things off.
| | 02:35 | Fortunately, since everything is on a logical
layer I have complete control over this file.
| | 02:39 | I am going to open the Layer control again
and I'm going to turn off the road curb and
| | 02:45 | gutter geometry, I'll turn off the edge of
pavement geometry, I'll drag the slider down
| | 02:51 | and I'm going to turn off the buildings, the
driveways, the sidewalk and the vegetation,
| | 02:57 | and I'll click on screen to close the menu.
| | 02:59 | Not only do layers give us control one we
are setting up a drawing to plot, I'm sure
| | 03:03 | you'll agree that reducing the number of layers that
we see also makes it easier to work in the file.
| | 03:08 | I'm going to zoom back out. To put
the layers back the way they were,
| | 03:12 | I could open Layer control and I could run
down the line clicking these light bulbs,
| | 03:16 | turning them back on, or if I expand the Layers
panel, I can click this icon; this will allow
| | 03:23 | me to turn all the layers
back on in a single click.
| | 03:26 | Now that I'm finished to working with the Layers
panel, I'd like to restore it to the Ribbon.
| | 03:30 | To do that I will hover over the panel and then
I'll click the icon in the upper right corner.
| | 03:38 | Whenever you're working on a drawing, ask yourself if it
would be helpful to hide certain objects on a plot.
| | 03:43 | If so, it would be a good idea to
put those objects on their own layer.
| | 03:47 | Likewise, are there any entities that need to
have your lineweight or a specific linetype?
| | 03:52 | If so, you'll want to
create layers for those objects.
| | 03:55 | When it comes down to it, the more layers you
use, the more control you have over a drawing.
| | 04:00 |
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| Creating and adjusting layers| 00:00 | In order to use layers to organize a drawing, we need to
know how to create layers and manage their settings.
| | 00:06 | In this lesson, we're going to explore the
Layer Properties Manager, the one-stop shop
| | 00:10 | for all your layer needs.
| | 00:13 | As you can see I've just launched AutoCAD, and I'm
sitting in the currently unsaved Drawing1.dwg file.
| | 00:20 | Since this drawing is based on the
default template, it's virtually empty.
| | 00:25 | If I open the Layer control, you can
see we only have one layer, layer 0.
| | 00:30 | Now layer 0 is kind of a special layer, that's
because all AutoCAD drawings start with layer
| | 00:35 | 0 and all drawings have to have a layer 0.
| | 00:38 | You cannot delete or rename that layer.
| | 00:41 | Since layer 0 is current, all geometry
that I create will be drawn on layer 0.
| | 00:46 | As an example, I'm going to launch the Circle command
and I'll create a circle down here in the corner.
| | 00:52 | If I hover over the circle, the tooltip
shows us the circle was drawn on layer 0.
| | 00:57 | To create a new layer, I am going to move
up to the upper left corner of the Layers
| | 01:01 | panel and click the Layer Properties icon.
| | 01:04 | This brings up the Layer Properties Manager;
within this palette we have access to all
| | 01:08 | of our layer maintenance tools.
| | 01:11 | When the Manager first pops
up, it's a little narrow.
| | 01:13 | I am going to click and hold on the right
side and I'll drag this out a little bit.
| | 01:19 | In the upper left corner of the Manager
we can see the name of the Current layer.
| | 01:23 | Over here to the right we can see a listing
of all of the layers that are in the drawing,
| | 01:27 | right now we only have one.
| | 01:29 | To the right of the layer name we can see all of
the settings that are associated with that layer.
| | 01:34 | Now these settings are organized
into columns much like Microsoft Excel.
| | 01:38 | If you click and hold between the columns,
you can drag these out and make them as wide
| | 01:43 | or as narrow as you like.
| | 01:44 | In fact, a nice shortcut to make these
column headers easier to read, if you right-click
| | 01:50 | on the column header, you can come
down and choose Maximize all columns.
| | 01:55 | To adjust any of the settings in the
columns all you have to do is click on it.
| | 02:00 | Now we are not going to be talking about all of
the settings in this lesson, we'll be talking
| | 02:04 | about the ones that are used most often.
| | 02:06 | For information about any of the settings,
one thing you can do is hover over the column
| | 02:10 | header for a pop-up tooltip.
| | 02:13 | For more information you can also press F1
and access AutoCAD's comprehensive help system.
| | 02:20 | This first setting represents Display.
| | 02:22 | If I click this light-bulb
I can turn the layer off.
| | 02:25 | Since this layer is also the current layer
I am getting a warning saying, hey, if you
| | 02:29 | turn this layer off, you'll be drafting, and
you won't be able to see what you are drawing.
| | 02:33 | That's all right, I am going to choose Turn
the current layer off anyway, and you can
| | 02:37 | see that layer no longer
displays in the drawing.
| | 02:39 | I am going to move back up
and turn that layer back on.
| | 02:43 | If I come down a little further
we can find a Color property.
| | 02:46 | If I click this, it brings up AutoCAD's Color Selector,
where I can choose a different color for this layer.
| | 02:52 | I am going to select green and I'll click OK,
and you can see the change is instantly
| | 02:57 | reflected in the drawing.
| | 02:59 | The next column over control is Linetype,
if I click this property, I can select any
| | 03:04 | of the linetypes that are
loaded in this drawing.
| | 03:07 | Right now I only have Continuous and PHANTOM2.
| | 03:09 | To load an additional linetype, I'll click
the Load button and using this menu I can
| | 03:15 | select from any of the Linetypes
that come preinstalled with AutoCAD.
| | 03:20 | As a side note, if you are doing imperial
drafting, you'll want to avoid the Linetypes
| | 03:24 | at the top of this list.
| | 03:25 | All of these ACAD_ISO linetypes
are pre-scaled for metric usage.
| | 03:30 | I am going to select the CENTERX2 linetype,
and I'll click OK.
| | 03:36 | This loads it into my drawing.
| | 03:38 | If I would also like to assign this linetype to the
layer, I will select it from this list and click OK.
| | 03:43 | Once again, you can see the
change reflected in the file.
| | 03:47 | This next column controls the
printed Lineweight of our geometry.
| | 03:52 | If I click this setting, it brings up a menu
where I can choose a different lineweight.
| | 03:56 | The farther down on this list I choose, the
heavier this geometry is going to appear on
| | 04:00 | the printed sheet.
| | 04:01 | But right now I am going to click
Cancel and close this dialog box.
| | 04:05 | To create a new layer, I'll move up and click the New
Layer icon, I can also use the keyboard shortcut Alt+N.
| | 04:14 | Notice the new layer assumes the same
properties as the previously selected layer.
| | 04:18 | I am going to call this layer
object and I'll press Enter.
| | 04:22 | Maybe I'd like this layer to be yellow, I'll
come down and click the Color property, I'll
| | 04:27 | choose yellow and I'll click OK.
| | 04:29 | I would also like this layer
to have a continuous linetype.
| | 04:33 | So I'll click the Linetype property,
change this to Continuous and I'll click OK.
| | 04:37 | Finally, I'd like this layer to be current, to
do that I'll move up and click the green check.
| | 04:44 | We can see that change reflected up here.
| | 04:46 | When I'm finished adjusting settings I'll click
the X to close the Layer Properties Manager.
| | 04:51 | As you can see the Layer control is now displaying the
object layer as being the current layer in the file.
| | 04:57 | I am going to launch the Rectangle command
and I'll create a rectangle on layer object.
| | 05:02 | Let's say after creating this layer, we'd
like to make some changes to its properties.
| | 05:07 | To do that we'll return to the Layer
Properties Manager, maybe it would be better if this
| | 05:11 | layer had a different name.
| | 05:13 | To change the name of the layer, I will
click to select the layer, and then I will click
| | 05:17 | again to get access to the text.
| | 05:19 | I am going to call this
layer part and I'll press Enter.
| | 05:23 | I would also like to change the color of this
layer, let's make this magenta, and I'll click OK.
| | 05:31 | Using this same workflow we can create as
many layers as we like and modify them such
| | 05:35 | that they suit our design needs.
| | 05:38 | In the event you create a layer that goes
unused, you can click this red X to delete
| | 05:42 | it from the drawing.
| | 05:44 | One final thing, since this Layer Properties
Manager is a palette, we can anchor this to
| | 05:49 | the interface, just like we
anchor our Properties palette.
| | 05:52 | If I right-click on this name bar and choose
Anchor Left, I can convert this entire palette
| | 05:58 | down to a single icon,
| | 06:01 | Now if I need access to my Layer Maintenance
tools, I can simply hover over the icon, take
| | 06:06 | care of my layer business and when I am finished,
I can move away and let the palette collapse.
| | 06:12 | I am going to leave my Layer Properties Manager in an
anchored state throughout the rest of this series.
| | 06:17 | As you can see the Layer Properties Manager
makes quick work of creating and modifying layers.
| | 06:23 | Using this tool we have complete control over
the display and organization of our geometry.
| | 06:27 |
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| Using layers to organize a drawing| 00:00 | Now that we understand the process of
creating and modifying layers, let's see if we can
| | 00:04 | use layers to replicate this drawing.
| | 00:07 | Our goal in this lesson is to recreate
everything, except for the dimensions.
| | 00:12 | If I come up to Layer control, you can see
this drawing already is organized into layers.
| | 00:17 | We obviously can't create our new geometry
in this file, since the layers already exist.
| | 00:22 | So what I would like to do is come up and
launch the New command, we'll create a new
| | 00:26 | drawing from the acad template.
| | 00:30 | I will then click the View tab, I will come
down to the User Interface panel and I'll
| | 00:34 | choose Tile Vertically.
| | 00:36 | This allows us to view the example
files side-by-side with our new drawing.
| | 00:41 | I'm going to click in the example file and I will
zoom this out a little and center it on screen.
| | 00:46 | I will then come back and click
to put the focus on my new file.
| | 00:50 | And then we will jump back to the Home tab.
| | 00:53 | I'd like to start by creating some layers, I
will do that by I opening the Layer Properties
| | 00:57 | Manager, mine happens to be
anchored to the interface.
| | 01:00 | If yours is not, just use the icon in the upper
left corner of the Layers panel to turn it on.
| | 01:05 | Let's create a New Layer, I am going to
call this layer part and I will press Enter.
| | 01:11 | Here's a shortcut, if you press the Enter key
again after creating a layer, you'll create
| | 01:16 | another new layer.
| | 01:17 | I am going to call this layer,
hidden lines, Enter, Enter.
| | 01:21 | I will create another
layer called center lines.
| | 01:26 | Now let's take care of their properties.
| | 01:28 | We will do the linetypes first.
| | 01:30 | Now we are going to click the
Linetype property for center lines.
| | 01:33 | I will come down and choose Load.
| | 01:36 | And I'm going to load the CENTER2 linetype;
this gives me the smallest dash for the style.
| | 01:44 | Once the linetype has been loaded, I will
select it and click OK to assign it to the layer.
| | 01:49 | Let's do the linetype for
hidden lines, I will click Load.
| | 01:54 | In this case I'm going to load a HIDDEN2.
| | 02:00 | Once it has been loaded I will select it
and click OK to assign it to the layer.
| | 02:04 | Next we can take care of the colors.
| | 02:06 | The part layer is going to be yellow, so I
will click the Color property and I'll choose
| | 02:10 | yellow and click OK.
| | 02:12 | Now my Layers Manager is collapsed, that's all
right, we will just hover to open it back up again.
| | 02:18 | I will then set the color of the
hidden lines layer to be magenta.
| | 02:23 | And finally we will do the color of the
center line's layer; this is going to be green.
| | 02:28 | Finally, I would like to set the center line's
layer Current, I will do that by making sure
| | 02:34 | that layer is selected and I
will click the green check.
| | 02:37 | I will then move away from the
palette and allow it to collapse.
| | 02:41 | I'm going to start the drawing by creating
the Object Snaps that identify the centers
| | 02:45 | of these circles.
| | 02:46 | I will launch the Line command, I'll start
my line from anywhere here on screen, I will
| | 02:52 | then lock my Ortho and I'll pull straight
down about a distance of four units, that's
| | 02:58 | fine, I will just click
to identify that length.
| | 03:00 | I will press Escape when I am finished.
| | 03:03 | Then, next I'm going to offset
this line 3 units to the right.
| | 03:08 | I will launch the Offset command, I will
enter 3 from my distance, I will grab this line
| | 03:13 | and offset it to the right side.
| | 03:16 | And I will press Escape when finished.
| | 03:18 | Next, I'm going to great a line segment from the
midpoint of the first line to the midpoint of the second.
| | 03:24 | The endpoints of this line
represent the centers of those circles.
| | 03:29 | Let's set the part layer current.
| | 03:30 | I am going to go back to Layer Properties Manager; I
will select layer part and click the green check.
| | 03:36 | Everything that I draw now
will be on the part layer.
| | 03:39 | I will launch the Circle command and I will
create a circle from the left endpoint, this
| | 03:44 | one has a radius of 1.2.
| | 03:46 | I will press the spacebar to go
back into the Circle command.
| | 03:49 | I will create a circle
from the center of this one.
| | 03:52 | This circle has a diameter of 1.4.
| | 03:57 | Let's create another circle; I'll create
this one from the endpoint on the right side.
| | 04:02 | This circle has a radius of .7.
| | 04:05 | And we will create one more from the center of the
last circle; this one will have a diameter of .8.
| | 04:15 | Let's zoom in a little closer
and I will center this geometry.
| | 04:18 | Next, we'll tie this geometry
together using the Line command.
| | 04:21 | I will launch Line and I'm going to press Shift+
Right-Click to bring up the Object Snap menu.
| | 04:28 | I'll choose Tangent and I
will click this larger circle.
| | 04:31 | I will then Shift+Right-Click, I will choose Tangent
again and I'll grab the circle on the other side.
| | 04:37 | When I am finished, I will press Escape.
| | 04:40 | Now that I have created this first entity, I
could use the Mirror command to create the
| | 04:43 | line segment on the other side.
| | 04:45 | I will launch Mirror; I will grab
my Line segment and press Enter.
| | 04:50 | I will then grab the endpoints of this
Line segment to identify my Mirror line.
| | 04:55 | And then I will press Enter
to keep my original entity.
| | 04:59 | Next we can do some drawing cleanup, I will
launch the Trim command and I will grab my
| | 05:03 | two Tangent segments and press Enter.
| | 05:06 | And I will trim off the
insides of these circles.
| | 05:09 | When I am finished I will press Escape.
| | 05:10 | I am going to zoom out and I
will pan the drawing up a little.
| | 05:14 | Next we will start creating
the geometry of the front view.
| | 05:17 | I will start by launching the Line command and
I'm going to create my line from Shift+Right-Click,
| | 05:22 | I will select Quadrant
from the Objects Snap menu.
| | 05:26 | And I will grab this quadrant
on the left side of the part.
| | 05:30 | My Ortho is locked, I am going
to pull straight down and click.
| | 05:34 | When I am finished I will press Escape.
| | 05:36 | The endpoint of this line will represent the
lower left corner of the front view of my part.
| | 05:42 | The next thing I want to do is offset this line
through the Quadrant of the other side of the part.
| | 05:47 | This will give me a projection that
identifies the full width of the object.
| | 05:51 | I will launch Offset; I am
going use the Through option.
| | 05:55 | I will grab my Vertical line and I will offset that
through the Quadrants on the right side of the part.
| | 06:02 | And I will press Escape when I am finished.
| | 06:05 | Next, we will launch the Line command and I'm
going to connect these lower two endpoints,
| | 06:12 | this creates the bottom edge of the front view.
| | 06:14 | Now I can offset this a distance of .5,
| | 06:17 | we will offset it up to create the top
edge and I will press Escape when I'm finished.
| | 06:24 | Let's do some more cleanup, I will launch the Trim
command, I will grab this top edge and press Enter.
| | 06:30 | And then I will create a crossing window to
select these vertical lines to remove them.
| | 06:34 | I'm going to project my center lines down next.
| | 06:38 | I'll do that by launching the Extend command.
| | 06:40 | I will grab the bottom edge of the front view and
press Enter; that represents my boundary object.
| | 06:46 | I will then create crossing window to select my
center lines to project them down to meet the edge.
| | 06:53 | Let's create the geometry
that represents these holes.
| | 06:56 | We will start by setting the
hidden lines layers current.
| | 06:59 | I will go back to Layer Properties
Manager and I will select hidden lines.
| | 07:03 | I will then click the green check.
| | 07:06 | I'm going to launch the Line command again
and I'll create a line from the Quadrants
| | 07:11 | of the left side of the hole, and I will draw
this to a point Shift+Right-Click and I will
| | 07:17 | choose Perpendicular to this bottom edge.
| | 07:20 | When I am finished, I will press Escape.
| | 07:22 | Now we will offset this line through the other
quadrants to create the rest of the projected geometry.
| | 07:28 | I will launch Offset and choose Through.
| | 07:32 | I will grab my line segment and I will offset it
through the Quadrants on the right side of this hole.
| | 07:38 | I will grab the line again and I will offset
it through the Quadrant on the left side of
| | 07:43 | the smaller hole and we will do the same
thing through the quadrant on the right side.
| | 07:49 | I will press Escape when finished.
| | 07:52 | Now we can do some more cleanups, I
will launch the Trim command again.
| | 07:55 | I will grab this top edge of the
front view as my cutting object.
| | 08:00 | And I would like to trim off all
of these projected hidden lines.
| | 08:04 | Finally, we can cleanup
our center line geometry.
| | 08:06 | We will start by launching the Trim command and
I will grab the top edge of the front view.
| | 08:12 | And then I will grab the outside
edge of my top view and press Enter.
| | 08:17 | And I will trim off the
center lines between them.
| | 08:20 | When I am finished I will press Escape.
| | 08:22 | To finish the center lines in the front
view, I'm going to use the Scale command.
| | 08:26 | I will launch Scale and I will
click this center line and press Enter.
| | 08:30 | I'd like to scale it from the midpoint, and I'd
like to make it three times its original size.
| | 08:36 | I will press Spacebar to relaunch scale, I
will select the other center line and we will
| | 08:42 | scale this object up
three times its size as well.
| | 08:45 | Let's pan this down, to cleanup the center lines
in the top view, I'm going to use some circles.
| | 08:53 | I will draw a circle from the center of
this circle on the left and I'll pull this out
| | 08:58 | and click to identify the
total length of my center lines.
| | 09:01 | I will do the same thing for
the circle on the other side.
| | 09:05 | Next, we will use the Extend and
Trim commands to cleanup the geometry.
| | 09:12 | I'll start with Extend; I will grab
both of my circles and press Enter.
| | 09:17 | And then I will extend all of the
center lines such that they meet the edge.
| | 09:22 | I will then hold the Shift key to switch to
the Trim command and I'll trim off any of
| | 09:27 | the center lines that cross over.
| | 09:30 | When I am finished I will press Escape, I
will then select my circles and press Delete.
| | 09:36 | The last thing I want to do is clean up the
center line geometry at the center of this
| | 09:40 | large circle on the left.
| | 09:42 | I'd like my center lines to look
like the example on the right.
| | 09:45 | Unfortunately, there's no way to do this
automatically, we have to do it manually.
| | 09:50 | The method I like to use is to zoom in on
one of the circles that looks correct, and
| | 09:55 | then I'm going to create some geometry
that represents the size of this gap.
| | 10:00 | I will draw one circle that represents the
outside edge and then I'll create another
| | 10:05 | circle that represents the inside edge.
| | 10:09 | I will then launch the Move command, I will
select these circles and I'll move them from
| | 10:14 | the center of the small circle to
the center of the large circle.
| | 10:19 | I can then use these circles to trim the
center lines and create a perfect match.
| | 10:29 | When I am finished I will press Escape, I
will then select my circles and press Delete.
| | 10:33 | I am going to do a Zoom Extents by double-
clicking the wheel on my mouse and we will wrap this
| | 10:39 | up by launching the Move command and I'm going
to move this front view up, just a little bit.
| | 10:45 | I will pick it up from the corner and my
Ortho is locked and I'll pull this up, so it's a
| | 10:49 | little closer, and I will click when finished.
| | 10:53 | As you can see by creating layers, I could easily
control the color and linetype of this geometry.
| | 10:58 | Later on as I continue to add things, like
dimensions and text, these layers will give
| | 11:03 | me the added control of being able to
turn specific items on and off if necessary.
| | 11:08 |
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| Changing layer states using the Layer control| 00:00 | After working with the full-blown Layer
Properties Manager, you may be wondering if there's a
| | 00:04 | faster way to change Layer settings.
| | 00:06 | The answer to this question is yes.
| | 00:09 | In this lesson we'll use the Layer control
to make quick adjustments to our layers.
| | 00:13 | On my screen I have an unfinished drawing,
one thing I still need to do is draw a circle
| | 00:18 | representing a hole that will
be drilled through this part.
| | 00:21 | Before I draw the circle I want to make
sure I'm creating it on the correct layer.
| | 00:26 | So I'm going to hover over this circle
and I can see it was drawn on layer part.
| | 00:31 | To set the part layer current, I'm going to open
the Layer control and I'll choose the part layer.
| | 00:36 | I'm sure you'll agree that's much faster
than using the Layer Properties Manager.
| | 00:40 | Let's launch the Circle command and I'm going
to create my circle from the center of this
| | 00:44 | one, and I'll give it a radius of 2.25.
| | 00:48 | Next, I'd like to project the edges of this
circle down to the front view to create the
| | 00:54 | geometry representing the hole.
| | 00:56 | This line work needs to be on the hidden
lines layer, so I'm going to open Layer control
| | 01:01 | and I'll set the hidden layer current.
| | 01:04 | I will then launch the Line command and I'll
draw my line from the Shift+Right-Click Quadrant
| | 01:10 | of the left side of this circle, and I'll
draw that to Shift+Right-Click Perpendicular to
| | 01:17 | the bottom edge of the front view.
| | 01:20 | When I'm finished I'll press Escape.
| | 01:22 | To create the line on the other side,
I'm going to use the Mirror command.
| | 01:25 | I'll launch Mirror, I'll select my line, press
Enter, and I'll use the geometry of this center
| | 01:31 | line to represent my mirror line,
when I'm finished, I'll press Enter.
| | 01:35 | Now I can use the Trim command, I'll select
the top edge of the front view and press Enter,
| | 01:42 | and then I will select these
projected lines to trim them off.
| | 01:46 | In addition to setting a layer current, we
can also use the Layer control to move objects
| | 01:50 | from one layer to another.
| | 01:52 | Take a look at this geometry on the left side.
| | 01:55 | These lines should be on
the center line layer.
| | 01:58 | To correct this geometry I will select it,
and then I'll come up to the Layer control
| | 02:01 | and I'll choose the correct layer,
when I'm finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 02:08 | Take a look at the icons next to the layer
name; these are a smaller subset of the same
| | 02:13 | settings that we see in the
Layer Properties Manager.
| | 02:16 | In addition to showing us the current state
of the layer, we can also use these icons
| | 02:20 | to change the properties of the layer.
| | 02:23 | For example, currently my hidden lines layer is
displaying as white, usually I like to use magenta.
| | 02:30 | So I'm going to open the Layer control,
I'll click the color icon, I'll change this to
| | 02:36 | magenta, and I'll click OK.
| | 02:38 | Using the same workflow I
can turn layers off as well.
| | 02:41 | If I open the Layer control I could turn the
dimensions layer off by clicking the light
| | 02:45 | bulb icon, I'll then click on
screen to dismiss the menu.
| | 02:50 | There are two settings
remaining, Freeze and Lock.
| | 02:54 | If you freeze a layer, AutoCAD no longer
knows that layer exists; it essentially removes
| | 02:59 | it from AutoCAD's memory.
| | 03:01 | Freezing a layer is a good idea when you're
working with a very large file, because if
| | 03:04 | you freeze geometry you're not working with,
you can increase the performance of your system.
| | 03:10 | If you lock a layer, for instance,
I'm going to lock the part layer,
| | 03:15 | this makes the geometry on the part layer no
longer selectable, meaning you can't accidentally
| | 03:20 | change it, this geometry is now safe.
| | 03:22 | To unlock the layer, I'm going to open the
control, and I'll click the icon again, and
| | 03:27 | I'll turn the dimensions
back on as long as I'm here.
| | 03:30 | Think of the Layer controls being a
miniature Layer Properties Manager.
| | 03:34 | Not only does this tool give us quick
access to many popular layer settings, it's also
| | 03:38 | one of the fastest ways to set a layer
current or move entities from one layer to another.
| | 03:44 |
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| Understanding the ByLayer property| 00:00 | When it comes to assigning colors,
linetypes, or lineweights to your objects, it's best
| | 00:05 | to let the layers dictate these properties.
| | 00:07 | Using layers, you can control the appearance of
your geometry by simply changing Layer settings.
| | 00:12 | In this lesson we're going to explore
the importance of the ByLayer property.
| | 00:16 | On my screen I have a
civil engineering example.
| | 00:19 | This is a drawing of a
series of single-family lots.
| | 00:23 | Take a look at this
geometry that represents trees.
| | 00:26 | If I hover over one of these objects, we can
see in the tool-tip that this entity was drawn
| | 00:31 | on layer v-vegetation.
| | 00:34 | Also notice that the Color and Linetype property
is set to ByLayer; that means that this object
| | 00:39 | is getting its color and
linetype from the Layer settings.
| | 00:43 | This is by far the best way to work, because
if I need to change the color of this object
| | 00:47 | for instance, I can easily do that
by changing the color of the layer.
| | 00:51 | For example, I'm going to open the Layer control
and I will drag down until I find the vegetation
| | 00:58 | layer, I'll click the Color property, and I'm
going to change this to magenta for the time being.
| | 01:06 | Notice that not all of the trees have changed.
Let's zoom in on this lot and I'm going to
| | 01:12 | hover over one of these
trees and we'll find out why.
| | 01:16 | This object is sitting on layer v-building
and it was forced to have a color of green,
| | 01:21 | so while these trees looked correct, they
were actually sitting on the wrong layer.
| | 01:26 | As you can see, if you force properties on your
objects, it can create confusion in your drawing.
| | 01:31 | Now how does something like this happen? If
I open the Properties panel, notice we have
| | 01:36 | some settings here at the top, color, line
thickness, and linetype, also note they are
| | 01:42 | all set to ByLayer.
| | 01:44 | This means that all the objects I create
will be getting their color, line thickness and
| | 01:48 | linetype from the Layer settings.
| | 01:50 | Honestly, having all of these set to
ByLayer is the way you always want to work.
| | 01:55 | If however I was to come up and open one of
these menus, I'm going to change the default
| | 01:59 | color property to be green; this means that
any object I create from this moment on is
| | 02:05 | going to be green, regardless of
the layer that it's sitting on.
| | 02:09 | Let's create a circle on the layer 0.
| | 02:13 | Now this isn't too bad, the problems occur
if I have to change these properties later.
| | 02:18 | Since this is a single circle, if I wanted
to change the color I could select this and
| | 02:22 | go back up to the Properties panel, and I
could change this to Cyan for instance.
| | 02:30 | What if there were 700 of them though? Then
I'd have to chase all of them down, select
| | 02:35 | them and change their color manually.
| | 02:37 | If however I drew these objects on their own
unique layer, I can simply adjust the Layer
| | 02:41 | properties to control the
appearance of the objects.
| | 02:45 | As you're working, a general rule of thumb to
go by is if you want an object to be green,
| | 02:49 | put it on a green layer.
| | 02:50 | If you want an object to have a hidden line type,
put it on a layer that has a hidden line type.
| | 02:55 | I'm going to erase this circle, and
let's correct these remaining trees.
| | 03:00 | I'll start by selecting them, then I'll move
up to Properties and I'll change this back
| | 03:06 | to ByLayer, they are now yellow, because
they're matching the property of the building layer
| | 03:12 | that they're sitting on.
| | 03:14 | I will then select them again, I'll open the
Layer control and I'm going to place these
| | 03:19 | on the vegetation layer.
| | 03:21 | Finally, I'll open the Layer control again
and we'll change the color of the vegetation
| | 03:26 | layer back to green.
| | 03:29 | When I'm finished, I'll press the Escape.
| | 03:31 | Before we leave, I'm going to make one more
check, I'll open the Properties panel and
| | 03:34 | I want to make sure that all of my color,
lineweight, and linetype settings are back to ByLayer.
| | 03:42 | When it comes to the ByLayer property, the
best advice I can give is to leave it alone.
| | 03:47 | If you let your layers control the appearance of
your geometry, you eliminate possible confusion
| | 03:52 | and making changes can be as quick
as adjusting your layer settings.
| | 03:56 |
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| Using existing geometry to set the current layer| 00:00 | Based on what we have seen so far, you may
be thinking that we need to know a layer's
| | 00:03 | name in order to make it current.
| | 00:06 | This is not the case.
| | 00:07 | In this lesson, we'll learn a shortcut that
allows us to set the current layer by picking
| | 00:11 | objects on screen.
| | 00:12 | In this example, I have an unfinished
mechanical part consisting of a top and front view.
| | 00:18 | Take a look at these edges.
| | 00:20 | These would show up in the
top view as a solid line.
| | 00:23 | In order to draw that geometry, I need
to make sure the part layer is current.
| | 00:27 | At this point, I don't know what name is
being used for the part layer, and you know what,
| | 00:31 | I don't have to know it.
| | 00:32 | If I come up to the Layers panel, I can click
the Make Object's Layer Current button, select
| | 00:38 | the layer I am interested in and
that becomes the current layer.
| | 00:41 | I will then launch the Line command and
I'll create a line from this endpoint.
| | 00:46 | I'll lock the Ortho and I'll drag
this line out through the part.
| | 00:50 | I'll click and I'll press
Escape when I am finished.
| | 00:53 | Then I'll create a copy of this line.
| | 00:56 | We'll copy it from one edge to the other.
| | 00:58 | Finally, I'll launch the Trim command
and I'll grab the edge of the part.
| | 01:02 | And I'll use this geometry
to trim off my projections.
| | 01:06 | Now let's take a look at the edges underneath.
| | 01:08 | These would show up in the
top view as hidden lines.
| | 01:11 | Once again, don't even
need to know the layer name.
| | 01:13 | I'll just click Make Object's Layer Current.
| | 01:17 | I'll select the layer I am interested in,
and then I can continue working on the part.
| | 01:22 | I'll launch the Line command again.
| | 01:24 | I'll create a line from this edge
and drag it up through the part.
| | 01:29 | I'll copy this projection over
from one endpoint to the other.
| | 01:33 | I will then launch the Trim command and use the
edge of the part to trim off these projections.
| | 01:40 | In the event I wanted to add more dimensions
to this drawing, I could come up and choose
| | 01:44 | Make Object's Layer Current, grab a dimension and I am
now ready to add additional annotations to this file.
| | 01:51 | As you can see, it isn't always necessary
to know a layer's name to make it current.
| | 01:55 | Using the Make Object's Layer Current tool,
we can choose the current layer as fast as
| | 01:59 | we can click objects on screen.
| | 02:01 |
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|
|
4. Accessing Specialized ToolsTaking measurements| 00:00 | In this lesson, we're going to do something
a little different, instead of creating new
| | 00:04 | geometry, we're going to verify
geometry that's been provided for us.
| | 00:08 | In this lesson, we'll explore
several ways to take measurements.
| | 00:11 | On my screen I have an architectural
example, this a floor plan of a hotel room.
| | 00:17 | I'd like to take some measurements in this
drawing, so I'm going to come up to the Utilities
| | 00:21 | panel and we can find the
Measuring tools right here.
| | 00:25 | At first glance, you may think there's only
one tool, Distance, which is the default.
| | 00:30 | If however I come down to the lower half of
this icon and click, I can open up a menu
| | 00:35 | showing me all of the Measurement options.
| | 00:38 | I'm going to start with the Distance.
| | 00:40 | To find a distance all we have to do is pick two
points, and AutoCAD will tell us how far apart they are.
| | 00:46 | For example, let's find out how wide this
nightstand is. I'll grab the endpoint on one
| | 00:52 | side and the endpoint on the other, and we
can see it measures 2'-7 9/16". We also stay
| | 00:59 | in the Measurement command, so I could find
another Distance if I wanted to, or I could
| | 01:05 | access one of the other Measurement options.
| | 01:08 | I'm going to find another Distance, let's
find out how wide the bathroom is. I'll click
| | 01:13 | the endpoint on one side and then the endpoint
on the other, and we can see it measures 10' 8".
| | 01:20 | Let's try a radius.
| | 01:22 | I'll select Radius and then I'm going to find
the radius of this circular table, this appears
| | 01:28 | to be an even 1 foot.
| | 01:30 | Fortunately, when we measure our radius, the
object we select doesn't have to be a circle.
| | 01:35 | If I choose Radius, I could also come down
and find the radius of the fillet on this
| | 01:39 | desk. Using this tool we
can also measure an angle.
| | 01:44 | To do that I will select Angle and then I'll
click on two line segments, I'll click this
| | 01:49 | side of the desk and this side, and they apparently
create a 63 degree angle. Let's calculate an area.
| | 01:56 | Maybe we need to purchase flooring for this
room, I'll choose ARea, and I'm going to pan
| | 02:02 | over to the door, and I'll click the endpoint
just north of the doorway, and I'll continue
| | 02:08 | to click endpoints as I work my way around
the room, as a courtesy, AutoCAD is colorizing
| | 02:14 | my selection, so I can see where I've been.
| | 02:17 | Once I'd gone all the way around, I'll press
Enter to accept that area and we can see this
| | 02:22 | area measures just over 310 square feet.
| | 02:26 | When I'm finished taking measurements,
I can click Exit or press the Escape key.
| | 02:31 | So whether you're taking measurements for
the purpose of calculating quantities or simply
| | 02:35 | verifying your geometry, AutoCAD's collection
of measurement tools makes it easy to validate
| | 02:40 | your design.
| | 02:41 |
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| Selecting objects that are similar| 00:00 | If you think about it, most selections we
make are limited by the location of the objects.
| | 00:05 | They have to be close enough
together to fit within a window.
| | 00:08 | In this lesson, we're going to select objects based
on what they are, as opposed to where they are.
| | 00:13 | Let's take a look.
| | 00:14 | On my screen I have a drawing of a floor plan,
I'm going to zoom in on the middle portion
| | 00:20 | of this drawing and I'll hover over one of
these door swings, and the tooltips shows
| | 00:25 | us this objects an Arc and
it's sitting on layer door.
| | 00:28 | In fact, all of the door
swings share the same properties.
| | 00:33 | What if I wanted to put all these door
swings on their own unique layer, such that they
| | 00:37 | can have their own
linetype, lineweight or color?
| | 00:41 | Well, selecting these objects
using a window would be a problem.
| | 00:45 | Instead, I'm going to select one of the door
swings, a representative example of what I'm
| | 00:50 | interested in, I will then right-click and
then I'll choose Select Similar from the menu,
| | 00:56 | and you can see AutoCAD has
selected all of the arcs on layer door.
| | 01:01 | Now that this objects are selected, I can
open the Layer control and choose the layer
| | 01:04 | were I like to place these entities,
when I'm finished I'll press Escape.
| | 01:10 | Let's zoom in a little closer on this upper
room and I'm going to hover over this lamp
| | 01:15 | on the left side. I can see this is a
Circle and it's sitting on the lighting layer.
| | 01:21 | Next I'll hover over the lamp on this nightstand,
I can see this object is sitting on the wrong
| | 01:27 | layer, obviously a mistake; in fact,
the inner circle is incorrect as well.
| | 01:32 | Now it wouldn't be too hard to fix these two
objects, but if this mistake propagated throughout
| | 01:37 | my drawing, it would be hard to
locate all of these incorrect entities.
| | 01:41 | Using Select Similar I can easily make
these corrections. I'll grab one of the circles
| | 01:47 | and then I'll right-click and choose Select Similar,
and AutoCAD selects all of the circles on layer 0.
| | 01:54 | If I zoom out, I can see that error
did get copied over to the other room.
| | 01:58 | To correct this geometry, I'll open the
Layer control and I'll put these objects on the
| | 02:02 | lighting layer, when I'm
finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 02:06 | One of the nicest parts about Select Similar is we
are not limited to a single representative example.
| | 02:11 | Let me show you what I mean. Maybe I'd
like to erase all of this window geometry.
| | 02:18 | I'm going to zoom in on this window on the
self and if I hover over one of these objects,
| | 02:22 | I can see it's a polyline.
| | 02:25 | If I hover over another, I can see this one
is a line segment, no problem; I'll select
| | 02:29 | the polyline, and one of the lines, a
representative example of what I'm interested in.
| | 02:35 | I will then right-click and choose Select
Similar, and AutoCAD selects all of the lines
| | 02:41 | and polylines on the windows layer.
| | 02:45 | To erase the geometry
I'll press the Delete key.
| | 02:48 | As you can see, selecting multiple objects
doesn't always have to involve a selection window.
| | 02:53 | Using the Select Similar shortcut, we can
select objects based on what they are, rather
| | 02:57 | than where they are in the drawing.
| | 02:59 |
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| Creating new objects by example| 00:00 | Believe it or not, there is a way we can
create geometry without launching commands from the
| | 00:04 | Ribbon, and we don't even have to
keep track of the current layer.
| | 00:08 | In this lesson, we're going to
look at the Add Selected command.
| | 00:11 | Using Add Selected, we can
create geometry by example.
| | 00:15 | On my screen I have an
unfinished detail drawing.
| | 00:18 | Over here on the right we have a manhole cover,
both Top and Section View, and on the left
| | 00:24 | we have the frame the manhole
sits in, both top and section view.
| | 00:28 | I'm going to start by
zooming in on Section A-A.
| | 00:32 | In this drawing, I still need to add a line
segment from this endpoint on the left, to
| | 00:36 | this one on the right.
| | 00:38 | Take a look at the current layer; that's obviously
incorrect, but you know what, it doesn't matter.
| | 00:43 | I can create this entity without worrying
about the layer and without even launching
| | 00:46 | a command from the Ribbon.
| | 00:48 | What I'll do is select an object that
represents what I'd like to create, I'll select this
| | 00:53 | line, I will then right-
click and choose Add Selected.
| | 00:58 | Since I chose a line segment, AutoCAD
has launched the Line command for me.
| | 01:02 | It has also set the appropriate layer current,
so I can create my line from the endpoint
| | 01:06 | here to the endpoint here.
| | 01:08 | When I'm finished, I'll press Escape, and as
a courtesy, AutoCAD sets the current layer
| | 01:13 | back the way it was.
| | 01:14 | Let's make another change.
| | 01:16 | I'd like to project this
edge up into the top view.
| | 01:19 | To do that, I'll launch the Line command,
I'll create my line from this endpoint, I will
| | 01:25 | then come down and lock the Ortho, we'll zoom
out and we'll pan the drawing down and I'll
| | 01:31 | pull this line up through the top view.
| | 01:38 | This edge will appear as
a circle in the top view.
| | 01:42 | To create that circle, I'll select this circle,
this is a perfect example of what I want to create.
| | 01:47 | I will then right-click
and choose Add Selected.
| | 01:51 | I'll create my circle from the center of
this one, and I want its radius defined by the
| | 01:56 | Intersection of the phantom
line and my projection line.
| | 02:00 | When I'm finished, I'll select the
projection line and press Delete.
| | 02:05 | Next, let's focus our
attention on the Section Views.
| | 02:09 | I would like Section B-B to use the same
Hatch pattern that's being used in Section A-A.
| | 02:15 | No problem, I'll select this hatch and
right-click, and I'll choose Add Selected.
| | 02:21 | Not only does AutoCAD match the layer, it
also matches all of the Hatch settings.
| | 02:26 | All we have to do is click inside
this closed shape and press Enter.
| | 02:33 | We haven't even talked about dimensions yet,
but I bet you can guess that if I selected
| | 02:38 | this dimension and right-clicked and shows
Add Selected, I could then press Enter, click
| | 02:44 | this line segment, and I could pull out a dimension that
perfectly matches all of the settings of the original.
| | 02:52 | As you can see, the Add Selected command
provides us one of the fastest ways to work on a file.
| | 02:57 | Using this tool, we can spend less time driving
the interface and more time improving our design.
| | 03:02 |
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| Automating calculations using QuickCalc| 00:00 | One way to avoid errors is to always
use a calculator to solve equations.
| | 00:05 | Fortunately, AutoCAD has a fully functional
built-in calculator that may just replace
| | 00:09 | the one you have on your desk.
| | 00:11 | In this lesson we are going to
explore the Quick Calculator tool.
| | 00:14 | On my screen I have a polygon, let's
see if we can re-create this shape.
| | 00:20 | To do that I'll move up to the Draw
panel and launch the Polygon command.
| | 00:24 | I will then enter 6 for the number of sides.
| | 00:28 | I'll click over here on the right
side of the screen for my center point.
| | 00:32 | Since this is dimensioned from face to
face, this must be a circumscribed polygon.
| | 00:38 | Now what's the radius of this
circle? Well, the diameter is
| | 00:42 | 8.78, so the radius must be half of that.
| | 00:45 | Instead of trying to calculate that value in
my head, when AutoCAD asks me for the radius
| | 00:49 | of the circle, I'm going to press Ctrl+8.
| | 00:53 | This brings up the Quick Calculator tool.
| | 00:56 | This calculator works a lot like your
Windows calculator, except it will apply the value
| | 01:01 | to the active command; we
can see that right here.
| | 01:04 | Now when the calculator opens,
it opens up in a reduced state.
| | 01:07 | I am going to click the More
button to get access to the Number Pad.
| | 01:11 | Down here I'm going to type 8.78/2.
| | 01:16 | Note you can also use the
keys on your keyboard.
| | 01:19 | I will then click equals and then Apply.
| | 01:23 | This moves the value down to the Command Line where I
can press Enter to accept it and finish the polygon.
| | 01:30 | Anytime AutoCAD asks you for a number, you can
press Ctrl+8 to bring up the calculator if necessary.
| | 01:36 | Let's pan the drawing over, and
we'll expand on this concept.
| | 01:41 | In this case, let's say I'd like to offset
this green entity, the same distance that
| | 01:45 | these two endpoints are apart.
| | 01:48 | I'll start by launching the offset command.
| | 01:50 | Now what's the distance? I'm not
sure, I am going to press Ctrl+8.
| | 01:55 | Let me take a second and mention that there
is a lot of functionality on this dialog box,
| | 01:59 | more than we have a chance
to talk about in this lesson.
| | 02:02 | If you have a question about any of the
tools that you see in this dialog box, click the
| | 02:06 | Help icon to access AutoCAD's help feature.
| | 02:09 | I'm going to click this icon in the middle; this
allows me to extract the distance between two points.
| | 02:15 | I will then click this endpoint and this one.
| | 02:19 | There is the extracted value, I'll come
down and click Apply to move that value to the
| | 02:23 | Command Line where I will
press Enter to accept it.
| | 02:26 | I will then select my
segment and offset this upward.
| | 02:30 | When I am finished, I'll press Escape.
| | 02:32 | Let's take this idea a little further.
| | 02:34 | Maybe I'd like to create a center line, now I
have to offset this geometry half the distance.
| | 02:40 | I'll launch Offset, what's my distance? Ctrl+8, take
a look at this area up here, this is our history.
| | 02:47 | Not only does AutoCAD maintain a history of
our equations, it also remembers the solutions.
| | 02:53 | If you double-click on any of these values
you can move it down to the expression area.
| | 02:57 | I am going to double-
click on the last solution.
| | 03:00 | I'll type /2 and I'll click equals.
| | 03:04 | I will then click Apply, Enter, I'll click
my line segment and I'll offset it upward,
| | 03:10 | when I am finished I'll press Escape.
| | 03:13 | If you look around, you'll find the
calculator in many places in AutoCAD's interface.
| | 03:18 | For example, I'm going to select this
polyline and then I'll come over to the Properties
| | 03:23 | palette and I'll drag this down such
that we can see the Geometry area.
| | 03:28 | Notice all of these numeric values,
the Area is probably the most valuable.
| | 03:33 | If I click in this field, notice
that we get access to the calculator.
| | 03:36 | In fact, if I click in any field with a
numeric value I can access the calculator.
| | 03:43 | Just for a second let's say that this area
represents square feet, and I'd like to convert
| | 03:47 | this to square meters.
| | 03:49 | To do that I'll click the calculator, I
will then click to collapse the Number Pad and
| | 03:54 | I'll expand Units Conversion.
| | 03:57 | Currently the Value to convert is 0, rather
than copying and pasting this number down,
| | 04:03 | I'm going to click in the expression field
and then I'll click in Value to convert, to
| | 04:07 | move that number.
| | 04:09 | Units type; I'll expand the menu and choose
Area, Convert from, I'll select Square feet.
| | 04:17 | Convert to is set to Square meters.
| | 04:19 | We can see that this polyline
is just over 4 square meters.
| | 04:22 | So not only will this calculator will do expressions,
it also allows us to calculate units conversion.
| | 04:29 | One other place where this tool comes in
handy is computing architectural measurements.
| | 04:33 | I am going to open another drawing; I'll grab
this drawing called archCalc and click Open.
| | 04:40 | This drawing is setup using
standard architectural units.
| | 04:43 | In fact, we can see the fractional
inches down here in the coordinates area.
| | 04:47 | I'm going to press Ctrl+8
to access the calculator.
| | 04:51 | The calculator is also a stand-alone Command.
| | 04:54 | Now that it's open, let's add
two fractional measurements.
| | 04:57 | I am going to type 8'3-1/16".
| | 05:04 | We'll type the values just like we
enter them when we're drawing the geometry.
| | 05:08 | Here's the trick, two spaces and then the operator
and then two spaces before we enter the next number.
| | 05:15 | I'll add this to 5' 2-7/8".
| | 05:22 | And when I press Enter, you can see
AutoCAD makes quick work of that calculation.
| | 05:27 | Now that we have a pretty good idea of how
to use the Quick Calculator, let's try and
| | 05:30 | use it in a practical example.
| | 05:32 | I am going to close the palette, let's say I'd
like to find the volume of this room in cubic feet.
| | 05:38 | I'll start by coming over the Utilities panel and
I'll open up the Measure menu and I'll choose Volume.
| | 05:45 | Calculating a volume is
just like calculating an area.
| | 05:48 | We are going to work our way around the room.
| | 05:56 | When I'm finished, I'll press
Enter, now I can apply a height.
| | 06:00 | Let's say this is a 9' ceiling, I'll type 9
and then the apostrophe and I'll press Enter.
| | 06:06 | And we can see the Volume
of the room in cubic inches.
| | 06:09 | Now I wanted cubic feet, so I'm
going to come down here and click Exit.
| | 06:14 | I will then press F2.
| | 06:16 | This shows me the history of what's
been passing through my Command Line.
| | 06:20 | Here is the value we just found, I'm going
to select this; I'll right-click and copy
| | 06:25 | it to the Clipboard.
| | 06:27 | I will then close the dialog box, I'll press
Ctrl+8 to access the Calculator, I'll click
| | 06:32 | the More than button such that we can see the rest
of the tools, and I'll drag this out a little bit.
| | 06:40 | For the value to convert, I will drag across the
0 and then I'll right-click and paste my value.
| | 06:46 | Units type Volume, Convert from Cubic inches,
Convert to Cubic feet, and we can see this
| | 06:56 | room measures just over 2790 cubic feet.
| | 07:02 | So the next time you have to calculate some
values, don't reach for the handheld calculator,
| | 07:07 | instead press Ctrl+8, and let
AutoCAD solve all your problems.
| | 07:11 |
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5. Checking Your SkillsChallenge: constructing a multiview part| 00:00 | Learning to use AutoCAD is a lot
like learning a foreign language.
| | 00:04 | Up to this point, we've been focusing on
individual commands, or words, if you stick with the
| | 00:08 | language analogy.
| | 00:10 | In the session, I want you to put
those words together to form a sentence.
| | 00:14 | Take a look at the drawing on screen.
| | 00:16 | This is your sentence.
| | 00:17 | I'd like you to start from an empty file and
recreate everything in this drawing, except
| | 00:22 | for the dimensions, don't
worry about those just yet.
| | 00:25 | As you work to accomplish this task, you'll
have an opportunity to use many of the concepts
| | 00:29 | we've talked about so far.
| | 00:31 | By creating this drawing on your own, you
can better identify your areas of strength,
| | 00:36 | as well as areas where
you can use some review.
| | 00:39 | So, take as much time as you need.
| | 00:41 | See if you can get the drawing completed,
and when you're ready, jump over to the next
| | 00:45 | video, and I'll show you how I
would approach the same challenge.
| | 00:48 |
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| Demo: constructing a multiview part| 00:00 | Welcome back! In this lesson I'm going to show you
the approach I would take to recreate this file.
| | 00:05 | Before we get started, let me mention that there's
no right or wrong way to construct this drawing.
| | 00:10 | The most important thing is that we
accurately reproduce the geometry.
| | 00:13 | In fact, I'm going to use as many different
tools as possible, that way this exercise
| | 00:18 | will also serve as a nice review.
| | 00:21 | I'll start by creating a new file, I'll click the
New icon and I will use the acad.dwt template.
| | 00:29 | I will then click the View tab and I will
come down to the User Interface panel and
| | 00:33 | I'll choose Tile Vertically.
| | 00:35 | This way I can see a nice side-by-side
view of the example and my new file.
| | 00:40 | I'm going to click to put the focus on the example
drawing and I'll zoom out and center this on screen.
| | 00:47 | I will then go back to the Home tab, let's
start by taking a look at the layers that
| | 00:51 | are used in this file.
| | 00:52 | I will open the Layers Properties Manager
and it looks like I need to create a center,
| | 00:58 | a hatch, and a part layer.
| | 01:00 | We can see the appropriate
settings over here to the right.
| | 01:05 | So I'll click to put the focus on my drawing,
I will go back to the Layer Properties Manager
| | 01:10 | and click the New Layer icon.
| | 01:11 | I will call this the
Layer part and press Enter.
| | 01:15 | I will then press Enter again to create another
new layer, I will call this one center lines,
| | 01:21 | Enter, Enter, and I'll call this one hatch.
| | 01:25 | Now the center lines layer
will need a different linetype.
| | 01:28 | So I will click the
Linetype property for that layer.
| | 01:31 | I will then come down and click Load.
| | 01:33 | And I would like to load the CENTER2
linetype into the drawing, that's the same linetype
| | 01:38 | used in the other file.
| | 01:40 | Now that it's in my drawing, I will select
it and click OK to assign it to the layer.
| | 01:45 | Next we'll take care of the colors. I am going
to click the Color property for the part layer
| | 01:49 | and I will set this to yellow.
| | 01:51 | I will click the Color property for
center lines, we will make that green.
| | 01:58 | And then we will set the hatch layer to red.
| | 02:01 | I would like to start this
drawing by creating this large circle.
| | 02:06 | So I am going to open the Layer control
and I will set the part layer current.
| | 02:09 | I will launch the Circle command, I will
pick a point on screen for my center point and
| | 02:14 | this circle has a diameter of 3.35,
we can see that in the Section View.
| | 02:21 | Next, I would like to add some center lines.
| | 02:24 | I will set the center lines layer current.
| | 02:27 | And I'm going to draw a line from the Shift+Right-Click,
Quadrant at the top of this circle to Shift+Right-Click
| | 02:35 | the Quadrant at the bottom.
| | 02:37 | Next, I need to create a line going left to
right; there are a lot of ways I can do this.
| | 02:42 | Let's try and do it using grips.
| | 02:44 | I'm going to select this last line that I drew,
I will click the midpoint grip and right-click,
| | 02:50 | and I'll choose Rotate.
| | 02:52 | I would like to create a rotated copy, so I will
choose Copy down here from the Command line.
| | 02:57 | And I'll enter a rotation angle of 90 degrees.
| | 03:01 | When I am finished I will press Escape a
couple of times to deselect the entities.
| | 03:05 | Next I would like to project the center
lines outside the circle a little bit like they
| | 03:09 | are in the example.
| | 03:10 | I'll do that using the Scale command.
| | 03:14 | I'll select those center
lines and press Enter.
| | 03:16 | I'm going to scale them from
the center of this circle,
| | 03:19 | and then I will little click on screen when
they're about the same size as the example.
| | 03:23 | Next I will create this circle that
defines the centers of these holes.
| | 03:27 | I will launch the Circle command; I will create
this circle from the center of the large one.
| | 03:33 | This circle has a diameter of 2.15.
| | 03:38 | Let's go back to the part layer and
I'll create the circle for the first hole.
| | 03:42 | I will draw that at the
intersection of my center lines.
| | 03:47 | This circle has a diameter of .436.
| | 03:52 | Now I have a perfect
opportunity to use a Polar Array.
| | 03:56 | I'll move up to Modify panel and
launch the Polar Array command.
| | 04:00 | I will select my circle and press Enter. The
center of my Array will be the center of the
| | 04:05 | part, and then I will come up to the Context-
Sensitive Ribbon and I'm going to change the number
| | 04:10 | of items from 6 to 4.
| | 04:13 | Now that my array looks perfect, I'm going to
come down and click the X to close the array.
| | 04:17 | Next, we will create this inner circle.
| | 04:23 | This circle has a diameter of 1.5. Finally, I
am going to create the smallest circle.
| | 04:31 | I will press the spacebar
to go back into the command.
| | 04:34 | I will create it from the center of the
part and this circle has a diameter of
| | 04:39 | .65, we can see that from the Section View.
| | 04:43 | Let's pan this over and I'd like to project
the width of this part over to the right such
| | 04:47 | that I can start working on the Section View.
| | 04:49 | I will do that by launching the Line
Command and I'll create my line from the Quadrant
| | 04:55 | of the top of the part, I will lock my Ortho
and I will drag this over about five units.
| | 05:02 | A precise length isn't necessary here; I
will then copy this object from the Endpoint to
| | 05:12 | the Quadrant on the other side of the part.
| | 05:15 | Then I will launch the Line Command and connect
these two endpoints and that creates the back
| | 05:21 | edge of the Section View.
| | 05:24 | Let's offset this edge
forward at a distance of .5.
| | 05:33 | When I am finished I will press Escape.
| | 05:34 | I'm going to add these fillets next.
| | 05:37 | I will launch the Fillet command, I will select the
Radius option, this fillet has a radius of .2.
| | 05:44 | I will then select the front
edge and the projection line.
| | 05:47 | I will press the spacebar to go right back
into the command and I'll select the two edges
| | 05:52 | on the other side.
| | 05:55 | Now I am going to offset this back edge
forward to create the front edge of the part.
| | 06:00 | I will launch the Offset command, we
will come forward to a distance of
| | 06:05 | 1.25, I will grab the back edge
and I'll offset it to the left.
| | 06:11 | Next I am going to create this center line,
so I'll go back to the center line layer.
| | 06:15 | I will launch the Line Command and I'll draw
my line from the midpoint of the front edge
| | 06:20 | to the midpoint of the back.
| | 06:22 | Now I have an entity that I can offset up
and down to create these additional edges.
| | 06:27 | We will represent this hole first.
| | 06:29 | I will launch the Offset command and what's my
offset distance? It's going to be half of .65.
| | 06:37 | So I'm going to type Ctrl+8
to bring up the calculator,
| | 06:40 | and I will type .65 divided by 2.
| | 06:45 | I will then click Apply and then Enter to
accept that value and I'll offset this line
| | 06:50 | up, and then I will offset it down.
| | 06:53 | Let's use the Offset command again; this edge is
based on the diameter of the circle, which is 1.5.
| | 06:59 | So I will launch Offset, my
distance will be half of 1.5 or .75.
| | 07:04 | I will offset my center line up and down.
| | 07:08 | Next, I will put this geometry on the correct
layers. I will select these two center lines
| | 07:14 | on the top and bottom.
| | 07:16 | Then I will open the Layer control and put
them on the part layer, then I will cleanup
| | 07:21 | my geometry by launching the Trim command.
| | 07:23 | I will grab these outer two edges, and the
top edge of the bottom of the part, and I will
| | 07:30 | use those to trim off these
entities that I don't need.
| | 07:37 | Let's tackle the chamfer now.
| | 07:39 | I will launch the Chamfer command, we are
going to use the Angle method based on the
| | 07:44 | way it's dimensioned, the Chamfer
length on the first line will be .25.
| | 07:49 | The angle will be 45, I will click the
front edge and the projected line, I will press
| | 07:55 | the spacebar and I'll grab
the edges on the other side.
| | 07:58 | Now that I have a new edge, I'm going to project that
back over to the front view to create another circle.
| | 08:04 | I will launch the Line Command and create
a line from this edge, my Ortho is locked
| | 08:10 | I will just drag this through the front
view; I will then zoom in on the part.
| | 08:15 | Unfortunately I have the wrong layer
current to draw my circle, doesn't matter.
| | 08:19 | I will grab this circle as an example, I'll
right-click and choose Add Selected, and I'll
| | 08:24 | draw my new circle from the center of this
one, to the intersection of the center lines.
| | 08:30 | When I am finished, I'll select this
projected center line and press Delete.
| | 08:37 | Let's take care of the hole next.
| | 08:39 | I'll do that by launching a Line Command,
I will grab the center of this hole at the
| | 08:44 | top of the part and I will
project this over to the Section View.
| | 08:49 | Now I can offset this line up and
down to define the width of the hole.
| | 08:53 | I will launch Offset, what's my
distance? Well, it's half of .436.
| | 08:59 | So I will hit Ctrl+8 to bring up the
calculator again and I will type
| | 09:03 | .436 divided by 2, I will click Apply and then
Enter to accept that value and I will offset
| | 09:13 | the center line up and down.
| | 09:16 | I will then launch the Trim command and I'll
grab these outer edges and use them to cut
| | 09:21 | off the center lines.
| | 09:25 | I'll select the outer most center lines and
we will use the Layer control to put those
| | 09:29 | on the part layer.
| | 09:31 | Now I need to make this center line
little bit longer, like it is in the example.
| | 09:35 | I'm going to use the Scale command for that.
| | 09:38 | I will launch Scale, select
the center line and press Enter.
| | 09:41 | I will grab it from the midpoint of the object
and then I will zoom out and I will drag this
| | 09:48 | out, so it's about the
same size as the example.
| | 09:53 | Since the part is symmetrical, let's
mirror this geometry to the other side.
| | 09:57 | I will launch Mirror, I will select my
three lines and press Enter, and then I will use
| | 10:04 | the endpoints of the center
line to define my mirror.
| | 10:09 | I am going to launch Scale one more time.
| | 10:12 | Let's scale this center line up.
| | 10:14 | I will scale it from the midpoints and we will
drag it out such that it's similar to the others.
| | 10:20 | Now we will take care of the Hatch, I will
set the Hatch layer current, I will launch
| | 10:25 | the Hatch command and I'll hover
inside one of these closed shapes.
| | 10:30 | Fortunately the default settings are
perfect in this case, so it's very easy.
| | 10:34 | I'll click inside the remaining closed
shapes and I'll press Enter when I am finished.
| | 10:38 | Finally, I will use the Move command I
will select my Section View and press Enter.
| | 10:45 | And I'll pick it up from the endpoint of this center
line and drag it over a little closer to the part.
| | 10:53 | Let's do one last thing; I'd like to cleanup the
center lines at the center of each of these holes.
| | 10:57 | I will do that by zooming in on the center
of the part, I will launch the Circle command
| | 11:02 | and I'll create a pair of circles that
represent the size of the gap in the center line.
| | 11:13 | Next I will copy these two circles from the
center, to the center of each of the holes.
| | 11:22 | I will then use this
geometry to trim the center lines.
| | 11:25 | I will launch the Trim command, I will press
Enter so that everything becomes a cutting
| | 11:29 | edge and then I will work my way around and
click on the areas that I'd like to trim.
| | 11:39 | When I am finished, I can remove these circles,
a really quick way to do that would be to
| | 11:42 | select one of them, I'll right-
click and choose Select Similar.
| | 11:47 | That grabs all of them and I
will press the Delete key.
| | 11:54 | Well, how did you do? If you got the drawing
finished, congratulations! You're doing fantastic.
| | 12:00 | If you struggled with this project, don't
worry, try running through the drawing again
| | 12:03 | using this video as a guide.
| | 12:06 | Afterwards, see if you can complete
the drawing entirely on your own.
| | 12:10 | With a little more practice, you'll be
surprised at what you can accomplish.
| | 12:13 | Good luck!
| | 12:14 |
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ConclusionGoodbye| 00:00 | Well! We've reached the end of the title.
| | 00:02 | Let me say it has been a
pleasure working with you.
| | 00:04 | At this point, you should be comfortable
using AutoCAD to create and edit geometry.
| | 00:09 | Likewise, you should feel confident using layers, linetypes
and colors to organize your drawings. Don't stop here.
| | 00:16 | Take your skills even farther by viewing the
next title in the series, AutoCAD Essentials 4.
| | 00:22 | In this title, we'll learn how to use
AutoCAD's annotation tools to add notes to a drawing,
| | 00:27 | using both single line
and paragraph style text.
| | 00:30 | We will also learn how to apply dimensions and
callouts, to prepare our design for production.
| | 00:36 | See you there!
| | 00:37 |
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